2023 Air Quality Annual Status Report (ASR)
In fulfilment of Part IV of the Environment Act 1995 Local Air Quality Management, as amended by the Environment Act 2021
Date: June 2023
City of York Council Details |
|
Local Authority Officer |
Andrew Gillah |
Department |
Place Directorate Public Protection |
Address |
City of York Council, Public Protection Hazel Court Eco Depot, James Street, York, YO10 3DS |
Telephone |
(01904) 551525 |
|
public.protection@york.gov.uk |
Report Reference Number |
ASR2023 |
Date |
June 2023 |
Air pollution is associated with a number of adverse health impacts. It is recognised as a contributing factor in the onset of heart disease and cancer. Additionally, air pollution particularly affects the most vulnerable in society: children, the elderly, and those with existing heart and lung conditions. There is also often a strong correlation with equalities issues because areas with poor air quality are also often less affluent areas[1],[2].
The mortality burden of air pollution within the UK is equivalent to 29,000 to 43,000 deaths at typical ages[3], with a total estimated healthcare cost to the NHS and social care of £157 million in 2017[4].
Through monitoring of air quality across the city, CYC has previously identified some areas of the city centre, around the inner ring road, where long term annual average nitrogen dioxide (NO2) levels are above health based objective levels. These areas have been incorporated into an Air Quality Management Area (AQMA). Historically, AQMAs have also existed in Fulford (AQMA Order No.2) and on Salisbury Terrace (AQMA Order No.3). These AQMAs were revoked in 2020 and 2017 respectively due improvements in air quality in these areas of the city. Current and historical AQMAs declared by City of York Council can be viewed at List of York AQMAs and are discussed in City of York Council’s previous Annual Status Reports.
CYC has a statutory duty to try to reduce NO2 concentrations within the remaining city centre AQMA and additional obligations in relation to the protection of public health and reduction of greenhouse gas emissions. The main air pollutants of concern in York are NO2 and particulate matter (PM). Typically, transport sources are responsible for around 50-70% of the total NO2 at any particular location in the city, although the exact amount varies according to proximity to roads and other emission sources. Road transport is also a source of PM emissions, although it’s contribution is less than half that of domestic burning of solid fuels in closed stoves and open fires.
The latest air pollution monitoring data for 2022, summarised in this report, indicates that NO2 concentrations in the AQMA remain broadly similar to those monitored in 2021, with further improvements seen in some areas. The highest concentration of NO2 recorded at a location representative of long-term public exposure in 2022 was 47µg/m3 on Gilllygate (diffusion tube reference 14). The same monitoring site also monitored the highest annual mean concentration of 47µg/m3 in 2021. This contrasts with levels of 40µg/m3 monitored in the same location in 2020 during the COVID-19 pandemic period.
Improvements in annual mean NO2 monitored at roadside continuous monitoring stations were observed between 2021 and 2022 at Fishergate (3% improvement), Holgate Road (11% improvement), Nunnery Lane (3% improvement), Lawrence Street (6% improvement) and Fulford Road (3% improvement). Annual mean NO2 monitored at Heworth Green in 2022 was comparable to that monitored in 2021 (<1% change). Annual mean NO2 monitored at Gillygate increased between 2021 and 2022 (6% increase).
Annual mean background concentrations of NO2 monitored at Bootham Park Hospital (City of York Council’s urban background continuous monitoring site) varied by 1% between 2021 and 2022. This reflects the reduced impact of local traffic emissions on air quality in the vicinity of this background site.
Concentrations of NO2 monitored at the majority of locations in York throughout 2022 continue the general downward trend in NO2 concentrations monitored in the city since 2012. Ongoing air quality monitoring in all locations will be fundamental to understanding the longer-term environmental impacts of the pandemic and the magnitude of any changes due to increased levels of walking and cycling, changes in public transport use and ongoing air quality improvement initiatives.
With respect to the city centre AQMA, exceedances of the health based annual mean NO2 objective of 40µg/m3 were monitored at some locations on Gillygate (Diffusion Tubes 7, 13, 14), Bootham / St Leonards Place (Diffusion Tubes A1, D59), Blossom Street (Diffusion Tube C27) and on Rougier Street (Diffusion Tubes 109, 115) in 2022.
Maximum annual mean concentrations of NO2 monitored at relevant locations within the current AQMA ‘technical breach’ areas were 47µg/m3 (Gillygate), 44µg/m3 (George Hudson St / Rougier St), 41µg/m3 (Holgate / Blossom Street), 34µg/m3 (Lawrence St), 30µg/m3 (Fishergate / Paragon St), 31µg/m3 (Prices Lane/Nunnery Lane) and 36µg/m3 (Coppergate). Maximum concentrations of NO2 recorded in these areas between 2021 and 2022 ranged from 8% lower on Fishergate (in 2022) to 13% higher on Coppergate (in 2022).
It is not considered appropriate to reduce the size of the city centre AQMA at this time. In line with DEFRA’s LAQM guidance, before revoking an AQMA on the basis of measured pollutant concentrations, a local authority needs to be reasonably certain that any future exceedences of air quality objectives are unlikely. For this reason, it is expected that local authorities will need to consider measurements carried out over several years or more, national trends in emissions, as well as local factors that may affect the AQMA. The AQMA boundary will be reviewed again as part of City of York Council’s next Annual Status Report (due June 2024).
Concentrations of NO2 monitored in the former Fulford Road AQMA in 2022 continue to be well below the annual mean objective of 40µg/m3. The highest recorded levels of NO2 in this area were monitored on Fulford Main Street (Diffusion Tube C58) and were 26.0µg/m3. This supports the decision to revoke the Fulford Road AQMA, as discussed in City of York Council’s previous Annual Status Reports and implemented in February 2020.
Concentrations of NO2 monitored in the former Salisbury Terrace / Leeman Road AQMA in 2022 were also all well below the annual mean objective of 40µg/m3. The highest recorded levels of NO2 in this area were monitored on Salisbury Terrace (Diffusion Tube 103) and were 28.5µg/m3. This confirms that the decision to revoke this AQMA in December 2017 was appropriate.
In December 2018, the boundary of the city centre AQMA was extended to include the full length of Coppergate and the buildings either side of the road, due to monitored concentrations of NO2 above the annual mean objective for this pollutant. The highest annual mean concentrations of NO2 monitored along Coppergate in 2022 was 35.9µg/m3 at site D56 (Three Tuns Pub, 12 Coppergate) which is below the annual mean objective for this pollutant. Whilst annual mean concentrations of NO2 were below the objective in this location in 2022 (and indeed were below concentrations monitored between 2017 – 2019), they are higher than concentrations monitored in 2021 and it is therefore considered appropriate to keep this area of the city under observation prior to making any amendments to the AQMA boundary.
Revisions to the AQMA Order in 2018 also removed the reference to breaches of the short-term hourly objective along George Hudson Street / Rougier Street / Bridge Street based on monitoring results in this area. The latest 2022 monitoring results for this area of the city indicate that this short-term objective is still being met (all annual mean concentrations were less than 60µg/m3 which suggests that an exceedance of the 1-hour mean objective is unlikely).
City of York Council monitors particulate (PM10) at four sites in the city (Bootham, Fishergate, Holgate Road and Plantation Drive) and ultra-fine particulate (PM2.5) at three sites (Bootham, Fishergate and Gillygate). National health-based air quality objectives for PM10 and PM2.5 are currently met in York. The highest annual mean levels of PM10 and PM2.5 monitored in York during 2022 were 17.9µg/m3 and 8.8µg/m3 respectively. Along with many areas of the UK, these concentrations are above World Health Organisation (WHO) guidelines for these pollutants, which have recently been strengthened to 15µg/m3 (PM10) and 5µg/m3 (PM2.5). Concentrations monitored in 2022 are marginally above, but broadly comparable to, maximum levels of 17.2µg/m3 (PM10) and 8.4µg/m3 (PM2.5) monitored in 2021.
Whilst air quality has improved significantly in recent decades, there are some areas where local action is needed to protect people and the environment from the effects of air pollution.
The Environmental Improvement Plan[5] sets out actions that will drive continued improvements to air quality and to meet the new national interim and long-term PM2.5 targets. The National Air Quality Strategy, due to be published in 2023, will provide more information on local authorities' responsibilities to work towards these new targets and reduce PM2.5 in their areas. The Road to Zero[6] details the approach to reduce exhaust emissions from road transport through a number of mechanisms; this is extremely important given that the majority of Air Quality Management Areas (AQMAs) are designated due to elevated concentrations heavily influenced by transport emissions.
City of York Council previously produced two Air Quality Action Plans (AQAPs) in 2004 and 2006. These previous plans were primarily modal shift and congestion reduction based plans, with emphasis on reducing vehicle trips across the city.
Despite the introduction of two AQAPs, air quality in York continued to deteriorate between 2004 and 2010. In response, York adopted an overarching Low Emission Strategy (LES) in 2012 to tackle the issue. This document was the first of its kind in the UK and set out a new approach to local air quality management based on reducing emissions from all sources, including tailpipe emissions from individual vehicles and encouraging the uptake of alternative fuels and low emission vehicle technologies. The Low Emission Strategy has proved particularly effective at tackling emissions from essential service vehicles such as buses and taxis, which fall outside the scope of trip reduction based modal shift measures.
Modal shift and congestion reduction measures remain fundamental to the delivery of air quality improvement and emission reduction in York. The primary local delivery programmes for these measures are the Local Transport Plan and the iTravel York programme (see iTravel York Website). Existing programmes and those such as Government Active Travel Funding encourage the uptake of walking, cycling, and public transport in the city. They are supported by planning policies that ensure that sustainable travel solutions are embedded into all new developments in York.
In February 2023, CYC published a draft Local Transport Strategy, that set out high level principles and priorities for York that will underpin future transport strategies for the city. The document examines the evidence, sets out implications and suggests the sort of interventions which could be used to overcome the challenges with York’s existing transport system. ‘Tackling transport emissions’ is recognised as key policy strand within the draft strategy.
CYC’s third Air Quality Action Plan (AQAP3) currently sets out how York intends to continue to deliver its ambitious and pioneering overarching Low Emission Strategy (LES) and to continue to work towards becoming an internationally recognised ultra-low emission city.
York’s LES has already changed the way York delivers public transport and plans for future transport trips. Since publication of the LES and during 2022, York has:
· Introduced fully electric buses across Park & Ride sites. CYC was awarded £3.3m from DfT’s Low Emission Bus Scheme in 2018 to support delivery of high capacity, fully electric buses and to support charging infrastructure at York’s P&R sites. In March 2022, CYC was awarded £8.4m through DfT’s Zero Emission Bus Regional Areas (ZEBRA) scheme fund to buy an additional 44 new electric buses. This was matched by a further £10 million investment by First. DfT has since awarded the council an additional £1.8m to increase the scope of the ZEBRA scheme to co-fund a further 9 electric buses. The funding will also be used to support the electrification of First’s James Street depot, including the installation of charging equipment and removal of the diesel refuelling station. With these additional vehicles, the First York bus fleet will become fully electric by 2024, significantly reducing carbon, NOx and particulate emissions across the city. In April 2022, CYC was awarded an additional £17m to support the development of key schemes and initiatives in line with York’s Bus Service Improvement Plan (BSIP), including wider electrification of the urban bus fleet, bus priority measures, improvements to stops, shelters and passenger information. The York Enhanced Partnership for Buses came into effect in September 2022 and will act as the principal delivery body for the BSIP funding between 2022 – 2025.
· Launched a Clean Air Zone (CAZ) for buses (introduced 31st January 2020). Buses making 5 or more entrances to the city centre CAZ per day are now required to be Ultra Low Emission Buses (ULEB) (Euro VI diesel or electric). A total of £1.65m was allocated by CYC to 5 bus operators to help replace/retrofit 93 buses to CAZ compliant stand
· Promoted its local ‘Kick the Habit’ anti-idling campaign. The campaign sets out to encourage people to think about the importance of clean air and the impact that this has on them, their health and those around them. Throughout 2022 CYC worked with partners to reduce the incidence of vehicle idling across the city. In 2022, we negotiated new licence agreements with some ice cream van traders to prevent idling or the use of generators in the city, and introduced a new requirement for ‘Idling Management Plans’ on new developments where there are opportunities for customers to sit in their vehicles with engines running such as drive-through food retail, supermarkets, click and collect facilities etc. CYC also welcomed the introduction of permanent anti-idling signage at an existing drive through fast food establishment at Monks Cross retail park (August 2022), complementing CYC’s other signage around the city. Work in 2022 reinforces action in previous years, including the erection of permanent anti-idling signage in all CYC owned car parks, at most city centre bus stops, multiple taxi ranks and at other key locations across the city. Further information about the campaign can be found on CYC’s Kick the Habit Webpage
· Continued the promotion and rollout of the DEFRA funded Low Emission Taxi Grant scheme throughout 2022 and welcomed further hybrid and electric taxis to the York fleet. The scheme offers financial support for eligible CYC registered taxi drivers to upgrade to low emission vehicles and will have the direct effect of reducing emissions of NOx/NO2 and particulate matter across the city. The use of low emission taxis will also contribute to CYC’s net carbon neutral target by 2030, following the declaration of a climate emergency in March 2019. At the end of 2022, approximately 33% of the York fleet were using electric or petrol hybrid vehicles. In October 2022, CYC’s Licensing and Regulatory Committee agreed that further hackney carriage vehicle licences shall only be issued to wheelchair accessible, fully electric or plug in hybrid electric vehicles. Licensing and Regulatory Committee members also agreed to update CYC’s Taxi Licensing Policy, in consultation with the trade and other relevant parties.
· Continued the upgrade of its fast, rapid, and ultra-rapid public electric vehicle recharging network. Once complete, CYC’s new charging network will consist of 350 fast charging spaces, 19 rapid chargers, and 12 ultra-rapid chargers providing different charging options depending on an EV driver's requirements. York’s second electric vehicle Hyper Hub, next to Poppleton Park and Ride, opened in Sept 2022. The new site joins the Monks Cross HyperHub, which opened earlier in 2022 and is one of the largest charging hubs in Northern England. Both Hyper Hub sites contain 4 ultra-rapid (175kW) and 4 Rapid (50kW) vehicle chargers, helping to support the uptake of modern electric vehicles that have larger battery capacities and are capable of ultra-rapid charging. Poppleton’s four 175kW ultra-rapid chargers can be upgraded to 350kW when vehicle charging rates make the upgrade worthwhile.
· Progressed significant groundworks and infrastructure upgrades at CYC’s Hazel Court ECO Depot site throughout 2022 to facilitate the introduction of EV charging facilities for operational fleet vehicles. This work is supporting CYC’s transition to an all-electric fleet for all vehicles under 3.5 tonnes as part of a four-year programme. At the end of 2022, 18.4% of CYC’s operational fleet were electric or hybrid vehicles. Officers continue to explore options for larger vehicles over 3.5 tonnes to move away from fossil fuels such as diesel. In 2022, CYC also introduced a requirement for all depot staff to undertake mandatory Alternative Fuel Vehicle (AFV) training prior to delivery of the new electric vehicles; staff training included information on local air quality and health impacts to raise awareness of air quality issues across the CYC workforce.
· Throughout 2022, in line with CYC Low Emission Planning Guidance, we continued to ensure that emissions and air quality impacts from new developments were appropriately assessed and mitigated, exposure to poor air quality was reduced via good design practices and that new private trips were minimised via the provision of sustainable transport solutions. An overview of planning applications reviewed by Public Protection during 2022 is provided in this ASR. Our Low Emission Planning Guidance note was updated in June 2022 to reflect changes to Building Regulations as outlined in Approved Document S: Infrastructure for the charging of electric vehicles. CYC continues to specify EV charging requirements through the planning process.
· In the last reporting year of 2021, CYC obtained DEFRA AQ Grant funding in to carry out a feasibility study and subsequent pilot scheme to reduce emissions relating to freight deliveries travelling in to and out of York. The initial feasibility work aimed to more precisely quantify the emission / air quality impact of freight deliveries in the city and identify suitable sustainable alternatives, utilising low emission modes including EVs and e-cargo bikes. As part of this work, CYC has previously engaged with businesses, including delivery companies, on the initial feasibility work and options for a pilot scheme. The pilot scheme concept was developed further throughout 2022 with one of CYC’s own buildings, 107-109 Walmgate, identified as a base for the 9-month hub pilot, which is expected to progress in 2023, with evaluation and pilot review expected by December 2023. Updates on the pilot will be provided in future Annual Status Reports. To accompany the work, the Council, in partnership with York Civic Trust, set up a Freight Forum. The purpose of the independently chaired Freight Forum is to engage with a wide base of operators, businesses and interested parties in the movement of freight. This covered large and small organisations and multiple sectors including road and rail. The business of the Freight Forum focused on creating networks to share ideas and solve problems and to inform the project work including the pilot design. In the later stages of the pilot discussion will be had with the operators around continuation and the ambition is that a sustainable model can be found and the operation will continue beyond the end of the pilot.
· Throughout 2022, CYC continued work on the development of the Air Quality Hub alongside Bradford Metropolitan District Council and Lancaster City Council (working together as the Low Emission Partnership (LEP), with management support provided by Bureau Veritas). Following a successful launch at the end of 2020, the AQ Hub membership base has grown significantly throughout 2021 / 2022, covering local authorities across the UK. The LEP are currently exploring opportunities with DEFRA for wider use and adoption the Air Quality Hub to support the Local Air Quality Management regime.
· In September 2022, Public Protection contacted all solid fuel suppliers within and around York to remind them of their legal responsibilities with respect to the sale and delivery of solid fuels within CYC’s Smoke Control Area. Further social media promotion around the use of appropriate fuels and maintenance of appliances in line with the Government’s national Burn Better campaign was undertaken in October 2022. Compliance checks across key solid fuel distribution outlets were progressed throughout 2022 to ensure that all solid fuels being sold were certified as ‘Ready to Burn’ in line with the Air Quality (Domestic Solid Fuels Standards) (England) Regulations 2020. Further Air Quality Grant funding was awarded to CYC in February 2023 to improve public awareness of domestic solid fuel burning practices, particulate emissions and associated health impacts.
In addition to the above, CYC continues to deliver on walking, cycling and public transport improvements. In February 2023, CYC published a draft Local Transport Strategy, that set out high level principles and priorities for York that will underpin future transport strategies for the city. ‘Tackling transport emissions’ is recognised as key policy strand within the draft strategy. Measures in CYC’s emerging Air Quality Action Plan update will support both this aim and York’s wider transport vision, which encapsulates the clear aspiration to reduce congestion, pollution and traffic levels and make active travel and new modes of travel more attractive. Throughout 2022:
· CYC’s Executive Member for Transport approved the continuation of the rental trial of E-Scooters in partnership with leading European operator TIER (February 2022). The trial, which is providing important feedback to the creation of national guidelines, allows the approx. 6,000 current users (making 20,000 trips a month) to continue using this sustainable method of transport to get around the city.
· CYC participated in national ‘Bike to School’ and ‘Walk to School’ weeks. These annual awareness-raising events aim to encourage children and their families to walk, cycle or scoot to and from school, rather than travelling by car.
· CYC continued to work with York’s bike shops throughout 2022 to enable residents to experience life with an e-cycle, free for one week. Once their trial was complete, participants were eligible for £300 discount should they decide to purchase the bike. The ‘E-Cycle Switch’ scheme won the national Modeshift award for excellence in active travel, which recognised the effectiveness of E-Cycle Switch in making cycling accessible to everyone living, studying or working in York, as part of the annual Modeshift National Sustainable Travel Awards.
· CYC continued work on the Active Travel programme. CYC were provisionally allocated around £3.3million to support active travel schemes to be implemented by 2023. The programme will develop and introduce new, permanent infrastructure that will enable more convenient and safer walking and cycling across the city. Updates are available on CYC’s website.
· In September 2022, CYC organised a week-long walking festival, to promote active travel in and around the city. Residents were invited to discover new routes, explore the history of the city, learn more about nature and find new enjoyment in walking for leisure. This year’s festival includes guided group walks, including suitable walks for young children and expectant mothers; family friendly walks to learn about York’s history; walks suitable for people with visual and walking disabilities; and wildlife walks.
· CYC’s Executive approved a climate change action plan in November 2022. The Climate Change Action Plan sets out City of York Council’s commitment to tackling climate change to meet its ambition for net zero and climate resilience by 2030. The plan contains an indicative list of 160 potential actions, 58 of which the Council is already progressing, and includes improvements in housing, transport and energy to make the Council and city more sustainable. The Climate Change Strategy and Action Plan were recently recognised by the internationally renowned Climate Disclosure Project, who highlighted the council as one of 122 cities worldwide leaders in climate change and climate action.
Complementary air quality initiatives delivered in 2022 through CYC’s carbon reduction work programmes included:
· A collaborative event between Yorkshire business Pure Haus and CYC took place in January 2022. Hosted at Burnholme Explore Library, the event presented a series of talks on the previous successes and future opportunities of Passivhaus developments.
· Signing of contracts to build CYC’s first ever zero carbon homes. Caddick Construction has been contracted to build 112 certified “Passivhaus” homes as part of the council’s Housing Delivery Programme, which is building 600 homes across the city. The first zero carbon homes will be built on sites at Duncombe Barracks in Clifton and Burnholme in Heworth.
· CYC have been successful in securing £175,980 grant funding from the Government’s Low Carbon Skills Fund. The funding has been used to create decarbonisation plans for 21 schools and 5 leisure centres in the City. These plans will identify opportunities to reduce energy consumption, providing both financial and carbon savings. This Government funding is in addition to £50,000 of council funding being used to produce decarbonisation plans for 7 council buildings.
York already has much to celebrate in relation to reducing emissions and protecting and improving the health of its residents. However, with an increasing population and further development, preventing emission growth and improving air quality remain significant challenges for the foreseeable future.
Measures in CYC’s current Air Quality Action Plan support other emission reduction measures across other CYC strategies such as the Local Transport Plan and Climate Change Strategy. An update to CYC’s current Air Quality Action Plan is anticipated in 2023. The revised Action Plan will fully update existing measures and targets to drive continual improvement in air quality across the city over the next 5-year period to meet health-based Air Quality Objectives and improve public health outcomes.
Key findings and conclusions from this year’s Annual Status Report:
· The annual average air quality objective for NO2 (40µg/m3) was exceeded at some monitoring sites within the current Air Quality Management Area in York in 2022 (Diffusion Tubes 7, 13, 14, 109, 115, A1, C27 and D59). The highest concentration of NO2 recorded at a ‘relevant location’ was 47µg/m3 on Gillygate (Diffusion Tube 14).
· Improvements in annual mean NO2 monitored at roadside continuous monitoring stations were observed between 2021 and 2022 at Fishergate (3% improvement), Holgate Road (11% improvement), Nunnery Lane (3% improvement), Lawrence Street (6% improvement) and Fulford Road (3% improvement). Annual mean NO2 monitored at Heworth Green in 2022 was similar to that monitored in 2021 (<1% change). Annual mean NO2 monitored at Gillygate increased between 2021 and 2022 (6% increase).
· With respect to the city centre AQMA, exceedances of the health based annual mean NO2 objective of 40µg/m3 were monitored at some locations on Gillygate (Diffusion Tubes 7, 13, 14), Bootham / St Leonards Place (Diffusion Tubes A1, D59), Blossom Street (Diffusion Tube C27) and on Rougier Street (Diffusion Tubes 109, 115) in 2022.
· Maximum annual mean concentrations of NO2 monitored at relevant locations within the current AQMA ‘technical breach’ areas were 47µg/m3 (Gillygate), 44µg/m3 (George Hudson St / Rougier St), 41µg/m3 (Holgate / Blossom Street), 34µg/m3 (Lawrence St), 30µg/m3 (Fishergate / Paragon St), 31µg/m3 (Prices Lane/Nunnery Lane) and 36µg/m3 (Coppergate). Maximum concentrations of NO2 recorded in these areas between 2021 and 2022 ranged from 8% lower on Fishergate (in 2022) to 13% higher on Coppergate (in 2022).
· Despite some localised increases in NO2 in some areas, concentrations of NO2 monitored at the majority of locations in York throughout 2021 and 2022 continue the general downward trend in NO2 concentrations monitored in the city since 2012. However, due to the differences in air pollution observed across the city throughout the period 2019 – 2022 (especially the increases observed between 2020 and 2021/2022) and uncertainties around the longer-term impacts of the pandemic on traffic and emissions, it is not considered appropriate to reduce the size of the city centre AQMA at this time.
· Concentrations of NO2 were generally lower in 2022 (and 2021) than pre-pandemic levels in in 2019.
· Maximum concentrations of NO2 monitored in the former Fulford Road and Salisbury Terrace / Leeman Road AQMAs in 2022 continue to be well below the annual mean objective.
· The highest annual mean concentrations of NO2 monitored along Coppergate in 2022 was 35.9µg/m3 at site D56 (Three Tuns Pub, 12 Coppergate) which is below the annual mean objective for this pollutant. Whilst annual mean concentrations of NO2 were below the objective in this location in 2022 (and indeed were below concentrations monitored between 2017 – 2019), they are higher than concentrations monitored in 2021 and it is therefore considered appropriate to keep this area of the city under observation prior to making any amendments to the AQMA boundary.
· Monitoring of NO2 in 2021 has not indicated any potential breaches of the short-term hourly NO2 objective in the city.
· National health-based air quality objectives for PM10 and PM2.5 are currently met in York. The highest annual mean levels of PM10 and PM2.5 monitored in York during 2022 were 17.9µg/m3 and 8.8µg/m3 respectively. Along with many areas of the UK, these concentrations are above World Health Organisation (WHO) guidelines for these pollutants, which have recently been strengthened to 15µg/m3 (PM10) and 5µg/m3 (PM2.5). Concentrations monitored in 2022 are marginally above maximum levels of 17.2µg/m3 (PM10) and 8.4µg/m3 (PM2.5) monitored in 2021. Trends over the last 5 years indicate that PM2.5 has generally decreased across the city, whereas there does not appear to be any clear trend in PM10 over the same period.
City of York Council’s priorities for the coming year are outlined below and will be developed further with the new administration over the next 12 months:
· Progress CYC’s updated AQAP - CYC’s AQAP update will include measures to further reduce nitrogen oxides and particulates from all sources and will support and complement CYC’s economic strategy, Local Plan, Local Transport Plan/Strategy and Climate Change Strategy. CYC will keep abreast of emerging national legislation, ensuring any new measures to reduce emissions are adequately resourced and implemented in York.
· Progress upgrades to bus services (including further electrification of the urban fleet) - the York Enhanced Partnership for Buses formally came into effect on 27th September 2022. This is a statutory Enhanced Partnership (EP) under the Transport Act 2000, between City of York Council and York’s local bus operators. The EP sets out a range of binding responsibilities for the partners and will act as the principal delivery body for the £17.36 million Bus Service Improvement Plan (BSIP) funding. This funding has been awarded to the council by the Department of Transport (DfT) for use during the financial years 2022 to 2025. The EP will also provide a platform for bus users and stakeholders to share their views on the local bus network.
· Continue to address idling emissions – CYC will resource a new Public Protection Support Officer (PPSO) service throughout 2023 to provide anti-idling patrols, investigate complaints of idling and raise awareness of the links between idling emissions and health in line with CYC’s existing ‘Kick the Habit’ anti-idling campaign.
· Continue to reduce emissions from taxis - We will undertake further consultation with the trade in relation to updates to our Taxi Licensing Policy. Anticipated changes to the policy will see a gradual change in the operational taxi fleet, as vehicle licenses are renewed and as vehicles become too old to operate in the city. We will continue to roll out our DEFRA funded Low Emission Taxi Grant Scheme to support CYC licensed taxi drivers with vehicle upgrades throughout 2023. We will explore further opportunities for minimising emissions from taxis in the city centre in line with the priorities of CYC’s new administration.
· Reduce emissions from new development – we will continue to work with developers to ensure development related emissions are appropriately assessed and mitigated, exposure to poor air quality is reduced via good design practices and that new private trips are minimised via provision of opportunities for sustainable transport. We will continue to encourage walking, cycling and low emission public transport use, which have co-benefits for health and wellbeing.
· Progress development of York’s future transport policies - CYC shall progress consultation with stakeholders and residents on a draft Local Transport Policy that reflects the priorities set out in CYC’s 10-Year Strategies and the Local Plan. The draft Strategy sets out high level principles and priorities for York and has been developed with the help of a cross-party working group, taking account of the results of the ‘Our Big Conversation’ consultation carried out in Summer 2022. CYC shall develop a local transport plan by April 2024 which will enable us to reduce congestion and help people get about the city better, as well as meeting our net zero targets.
· Expansion of strategic EV charging network - CYC will deliver additional charge points and actively monitor plug-in vehicle uptake in the city to ensure our charging network remains fit for purpose.
· Raising awareness of PM emissions and health impacts - we will progress a DEFRA funded project (2022/23 AQ Grant) to improve public awareness of the links between domestic solid fuel burning, particulate emission and health impacts.
· Improving public awareness of air pollution – we will progress a DEFRA funded project (2022/23 AQ Grant) to develop an air pollution forecasting and alert platform. The platform will ensure the most vulnerable residents have access to information that allows them to minimise exposure when pollution levels are high. Wider ongoing promotion of such services will improve awareness of the links between all air pollution and health impacts generally; this will support the particulate awareness campaign and CYC’s other ongoing LAQM work.
· Further controls to address fine particulate emissions – we will consider further opportunities to tackle fine particulate emissions, building on previous feasibility work. We will develop and seek member approval for a new Enforcement Protocol for civil penalties for smoke emissions within CYC’s Smoke Control Areas.
· Reducing emissions associated with deliveries of light goods – we will aim to fully evaluate the pilot micro-consolidation centre and work with partners to find a sustainable model that will allow the operation to continue beyond the end of the pilot. A delivery hub will aim to maximise the efficiency of city centre deliveries, using e-cargo cycles and EVs, thereby minimising the need for large vehicles to enter the city centre. We will explore further opportunities for minimising emissions from freight vehicles in the city centre in line with the priorities of CYC’s new administration.
Challenges faced by City of York Council
· The ability of current vehicle emission standards to deliver reductions in NOx emissions, particularly the on-road performance of some Euro VI diesel vehicles.
· Development related emissions through the cumulative impact of increased development in the city. CYC will endeavour to manage this through the application of local planning guidance and best practice emission mitigation measures.
· Addressing air pollution from domestic solid fuel burning, especially during winter months, may present challenges as people turn to solid fuels to heat their homes in response to the energy and cost of living crisis. This may be further exacerbated in certain areas where fuel poverty may be a factor in the burning of non-certified wood products / waste wood or other materials.
· Uncertainties with respect to future travel behaviour and challenges in achieving required modal shift targets to sustainable modes
· Continued unnecessary vehicle idling in the city, particularly amongst heavy diesel vehicles. Increased staff resource to deal with idling complaints has been secured for 2023 and will be reviewed annually.
Despite longer term improvements seen in air quality across CYC’s area in recent years, the above factors are anticipated to remain challenges for CYC in the future and are considered to be the main reasons for the current AQMA designation.
Further information about air quality and previous consultations can be obtained from the air quality pages of CYC’s main website at City of York Council's Air Quality Webpages.
Residents, businesses and other interested parties are encouraged to participate in future consultations relating to air quality. These are advertised online at: City of York Council Consultations.
This ASR was prepared by the Public Protection Department of City of York Council. Updates on Air Quality Action Plan measures have been obtained from various teams across the council including Transport Planning, Highways, Parking Services, Carbon Reduction and Education.
This ASR has been approved by Cllr Jenny Kent and Cllr Kate Ravilious, Executive Members for Environment and Climate Change (job-share):
Cllr Jenny Kent and Cllr Kate Ravilious
<<Insert signatures following review >>
This ASR has been signed off by Sharon Stoltz, Director of Public Health and James Gilchrist, Director of Transport, Environment and Planning.
Sharon Stoltz James Gilchrist
<<signature>>
If you have any comments on this ASR please send them to Public Protection at:
Email: public.protection@york.gov.uk
Phone: 01904 551525
Write to: City of York Council, Public Protection (Air Quality), Hazel Court Eco Depot, James Street, York, YO10 3DS
Table of Contents
Executive Summary: Air Quality in Our Area
Actions to Improve Air Quality
Local Engagement and How to get Involved
Local Responsibilities and Commitment
1 Local Air Quality Management
2 Actions to Improve Air Quality
2.1 Air Quality Management Areas
2.2 Progress and Impact of Measures to address Air Quality in York
2.3 PM2.5 – Local Authority Approach to Reducing Emissions and/or Concentrations
3 Air Quality Monitoring Data and Comparison with Air Quality Objectives and National Compliance
3.1 Summary of Monitoring Undertaken
3.1.1 Automatic Monitoring Sites
3.1.2 Non-Automatic Monitoring Sites
3.2.2 Particulate Matter (PM10)
3.2.3 Particulate Matter (PM2.5)
3.3.1 Council Plan Air Quality Indicators
3.3.2 Local Transport Plan Air Quality Indicator
Appendix A: Monitoring Results
Appendix B: Full Monthly Diffusion Tube Results for 2022
Appendix C: Supporting Technical Information / Air Quality Monitoring Data QA/QC
New or Changed Sources Identified Within York During 2022
Additional Air Quality Works Undertaken by City of York Council During 2022
QA/QC of Diffusion Tube Monitoring
Diffusion Tube Bias Adjustment Factors
NO2 Fall-off with Distance from the Road
PM10 and PM2.5 Monitoring Adjustment
Automatic Monitoring Annualisation
NO2 Fall-off with Distance from the Road
Appendix D: Map(s) of Monitoring Locations and AQMAs
Figures
Figure A.1 – Trends in Annual Mean NO2 Concentrations
Figure A.2 – Trends in Number of NO2 1-Hour Means > 200µg/m3
Figure A.3 – Trends in Annual Mean PM10 Concentrations
Figure A.4 – Trends in Number of 24-Hour Mean PM10 Results > 50µg/m3
Figure A.5 – Trends in Annual Mean PM2.5 Concentrations
Figure D. 1 Map of Non-Automatic Monitoring Site
Figure D. 2 Map of Automatic Monitoring Sites in relation to AQMA
Tables
Table 2.1– Declared Air Quality Management Areas
Table 2.2– Progress on Measures to Improve Air Quality
Table 4. 1 Planning Applications considered during 2022
Table A.1 – Details of Automatic Monitoring Sites
Table A.2 – Details of Non-Automatic Monitoring Sites
Table A.3 – Annual Mean NO2 Monitoring Results: Automatic Monitoring (µg/m3)
Table A.4 – Annual Mean NO2 Monitoring Results: Non-Automatic Monitoring (µg/m3)
Table A.5 – 1-Hour Mean NO2 Monitoring Results, Number of 1-Hour Means > 200µg/m3
Table A.6 – Annual Mean PM10 Monitoring Results (µg/m3)
Table A.7 – 24-Hour Mean PM10Monitoring Results, Number of PM10 24-Hour Means > 50µg/m3
Table A.8 – Annual Mean PM2.5 Monitoring Results (µg/m3)
Table B.1 – NO2 2022 Diffusion Tube Results (µg/m3)
Table C.1 – Annualisation Summary (concentrations presented in µg/m3)
Table C.2 – Bias Adjustment Factor
Table C.3 – Local Bias Adjustment Calculation
Table C.4 – NO2 Fall off With Distance Calculations (concentrations in µg/m3)
This report provides an overview of air quality in City of York Council’s area during 2022. It fulfils the requirements of Local Air Quality Management (LAQM) as set out in Part IV of the Environment Act (1995), as amended by the Environment Act (2021), and the relevant Policy and Technical Guidance documents.
The LAQM process places an obligation on all local authorities to regularly review and assess air quality in their areas, and to determine whether or not the air quality objectives are likely to be achieved. Where an exceedance is considered likely the local authority must declare an Air Quality Management Area (AQMA) and prepare an Air Quality Action Plan (AQAP) setting out the measures it intends to put in place in order to achieve and maintain the objectives and the dates by which each measure will be carried out. This Annual Status Report (ASR) is an annual requirement showing the strategies employed by City of York Council to improve air quality and any progress that has been made.
The statutory air quality objectives applicable to LAQM in England are presented in Table E.1.
Air Quality Management Areas (AQMAs) are declared when there is an exceedance or likely exceedance of an air quality objective. After declaration, the authority should prepare an Air Quality Action Plan (AQAP) within 18 months. The AQAP should specify how air quality targets will be achieved and maintained, and provide dates by which measures will be carried out.
A summary of AQMAs declared by City of York Council can be found in Table 2.1. The table presents a description of the AQMA that is currently designated within York. Appendix D: Map(s) of Monitoring Locations and AQMAs provides a map of the AQMA and also the air quality monitoring locations in relation to the AQMA. The air quality objectives pertinent to the current AQMA designation are as follows:
· NO2 annual mean
Table 2.1 – Declared Air Quality Management Areas
AQMA Name |
Date of Declaration |
Pollutants and Air Quality Objectives |
One Line Description |
Is air quality in the AQMA influenced by roads controlled by Highways England? |
Level of Exceedance: Declaration |
Level of Exceedance: Current Year |
Number of Years Compliant with Air Quality Objective |
Name and Date of AQAP Publication |
Web Link to AQAP |
City Centre AQMA (AQMA Order No.5) |
December 2018 (supercedes AQMA Order No. 4 declared Sept 2012) |
NO2 Annual Mean |
Inner ring road and properties included within multiple areas of technical breach |
NO |
62 |
47 |
1 (compliance demonstrated in 2020) |
AQAP3 published September 2015 |
☒ City of York Council
confirm the information on UK-Air regarding their AQMA(s) is up
to date.
☒ City of York Council confirm that all current AQAPs have been submitted to Defra.
DEFRA’s appraisal of last year’s Annual Status Report supported the outlined measures to improve air quality across the city and accepted the conclusions reached for all sources and pollutants. Defra commented that the report was incredibly detailed and satisfied the criteria of relevant standards.
The only comment made by Defra with respect to how CYC could improve the Annual Status Report for 2023 was the observation that within the administrative boundary there are a large number of diffusion tubes and it would be helpful if rather than saying ‘some locations’, CYC could specify how many locations and their names, when discussing exceedances of the annual mean NO2 objective. This has been addressed in the current 2023 report.
City of York Council has taken forward a number of direct measures during the current reporting year of 2022 in pursuit of improving local air quality. Details of all measures completed, in progress or planned are set out in Table 2.2. Twenty six measures are included within Table 2.2, with the type of measure and the progress City of York Council have made during the reporting year of 2022 presented. Where there have been, or continue to be, barriers restricting the implementation of the measure, these are also presented within Table 2.2.
More detail on these measures can be found in their respective Action Plans.
Key completed measures and progress are:
· In March 2022, CYC was awarded £8.4m through DfT’s Zero Emission Bus Regional Areas (ZEBRA) scheme fund to buy an additional 44 new electric buses. DfT has since awarded the council an additional £1.8m to increase the scope of the ZEBRA scheme to fund a further 9 electric buses. In April 2022, CYC was awarded an additional £17m to support the development of key schemes and initiatives in line with York’s Bus Service Improvement Plan, including wider electrification of the urban bus fleet, bus priority measures, improvements to stops, shelters and passenger information. CYC has previously implemented a Clean Air Zone (CAZ) for buses and supported operators with bus upgrades.
· CYC continued to promote its local ‘Kick the Habit’ anti-idling campaign throughout 2022 and worked with partners to reduce the incidence of vehicle idling across the city. In 2022, we negotiated new licence agreements with some ice cream van traders to prevent idling or the use of generators in some locations in the city, and introduced a new requirement for ‘Idling Management Plans’ on new developments. Work in 2022 reinforces action in previous years, including the erection of permanent anti-idling signage in all CYC owned car parks, at most city centre bus stops, at taxi ranks and at other key locations across the city.
· CYC continued the rollout of the DEFRA funded Low Emission Taxi Grant scheme throughout 2022 and welcomed several new electric taxis to the York fleet. By the end of December 2022, approximately 33% of the York fleet were using electric or petrol hybrid vehicles, an increase of approximately 10% from January 2021.
· CYC continued the upgrade of its fast, rapid and ultra-rapid public electric vehicle recharging network. Once complete, CYC’s new charging network will consist of 350 fast charging spaces, 19 rapid chargers, and 12 ultra-rapid chargers providing different charging options depending on an EV driver's requirements. Two new electric vehicle HyperHub sites opened in 2022
· CYC progressed significant groundworks and infrastructure upgrades at CYC’s Hazel Court ECO Depot site throughout Summer 2022 to facilitate the introduction of EV charging facilities for operational fleet vehicles. This work is supporting CYC’s transition to an all-electric fleet for all vehicles under 3.5 tonnes. Mandatory Alternative Fuel Vehicle (AFV) training was also introduced for all staff.
· Throughout 2022, in line with CYC Low Emission Planning Guidance, we continued to ensure that emissions and air quality impacts from new developments were appropriately assessed and mitigated, exposure to poor air quality was reduced via good design practices and that new private trips were minimised via the provision of sustainable transport solutions. An overview of planning applications reviewed by Public Protection during 2022 is provided in this ASR.
· CYC continued work to reduce freight emissions (DEFRA grant funded project) and engaged further with partners about options for a pilot scheme. The pilot scheme concept was developed further throughout 2022 with one of CYC’s own buildings identified as a base for the 9-month hub pilot, which is expected to progress in 2023, with evaluation and pilot review expected by December 2023.
· CYC continued work on the development of the Air Quality Hub alongside Bradford Metropolitan District Council and Lancaster City Council (the ‘Low Emission Partnership’). The Low Emission Partnership continue to explore opportunities with DEFRA for wider use and adoption the Air Quality Hub in line with revisions to the National Air Quality Strategy (AQS).
· Continued to raise awareness around the use of appropriate fuels and maintenance of appliances in line with the Government’s national Burn Better campaign. CYC also continued compliance checks across key solid fuel distribution outlets in 2022 to ensure that all solid fuels being sold were certified as ‘Ready to Burn’ in line with the Air Quality (Domestic Solid Fuels Standards) (England) Regulations 2020.
In addition to the above, CYC continues to deliver on walking, cycling, micro-mobility modes and public transport improvements. Throughout 2022:
· It was agreed to continue CYC’s trial of E-scooters in partnership with European operator TIER. The trial, which is providing important feedback to the creation of national guidelines, allows the approx. 6,000 current users (making 20,000 trips a month) to continue using this sustainable method of transport to get around the city.
· CYC participated in national ‘Bike to School’ and ‘Walk to School’ weeks. These annual awareness-raising events aim to encourage children and their families to walk, cycle or scoot to and from school, rather than travelling by car.
· CYC continued to work with York’s bike shops throughout 2022 to enable residents to experience life with an e-cycle, free for one week. Once their trial was complete, participants were eligible for £300 discount should they decide to purchase the bike. The ‘E-Cycle Switch’ scheme won the national Modeshift award for excellence in active travel.
· CYC continued work on its Active Travel programme.
· In September 2022, CYC organised a week-long walking festival, to promote active travel in and around the city.
Complementary air quality initiatives delivered in 2022 through CYC’s carbon reduction work programmes included:
· A collaborative event between Yorkshire business Pure Haus and CYC, presented a series of talks on the previous successes and future opportunities of passivhaus developments.
· Signing of contracts to build CYC’s first ever zero carbon homes. Caddick Construction has been contracted to build 112 certified “Passivhaus” homes as part of the council’s Housing Delivery Programme, which is building 600 homes across the city. The first zero carbon homes will be built on sites at Duncombe Barracks in Clifton and Burnholme in Heworth.
· CYC have been successful in securing £175,980 grant funding from the Government’s Low Carbon Skills Fund to create decarbonisation plans for 21 schools and 5 leisure centres in the City.
City of York Council expects the following measures to be completed over the course of the next reporting year:
· Continued awareness raising and campaign work in relation to anti-idling. CYC will continue to address complaints of idling as and when necessary throughout 2023 and will install further campaign signage as appropriate. CYC has now launched its Public Protection Support Officer (PPSO) service, a new 24/7 service which will provide many of Public Protection’s frontline services including regular anti-idling patrols, targeted by complaints.
· Continued roll-out of EV charging infrastructure - we will continue upgrading our existing charging estate in accordance with our current programme (as outlined in our EV Charging Strategy) and will continue to specify EV charging infrastructure on new developments via the Planning process and in accordance with Building Regulations.
· Standards for taxis – the timetable approved in 2022 for the revision, consultation and implementation of a revised Taxi Licensing Policy shall be progressed. The revised policy will consider future standards for CYC licensed taxis in consultation with the taxi trade and other relevant parties. Changes proposed will ensure a more environmentally-friendly and modern Hackney carriage and private hire fleet in the city in response to the declared climate emergency and continuing desire to improve air quality. We will also continue to roll out funding under our DEFRA funded Low Emission Taxi Grant Scheme to support drivers in upgrading to low emission taxis.
· Further modal shift and network improvement measures - including delivering initiatives to promote walking, cycling and the use of public transport. CYC will progress the statutory Enhanced Bus Partnership, which will set out a range of binding responsibilities for the partners and will act as the principal delivery body for the £17.36m Bus Service Improvement Plan (BSIP) funding.
· Progress pilot micro-consolidation scheme (DEFRA AQ Grant funded project) – the pilot scheme will aim to reduce emissions relating to freight deliveries travelling into and out of York. The pilot scheme concept was developed further throughout 2022 with one of CYC’s own buildings, 107-109 Walmgate, identified as a base for the 9-month hub pilot, which is expected to progress in 2023, with evaluation and pilot review expected by December 2023. It is anticipated that a sustainable model can be found and the operation will continue beyond the end of the pilot. Updates on the pilot will be provided in future Annual Status Reports.
· Smoke Control Areas - we will undertake further promotion of the rules around smoke control areas and continue compliance checks across key distribution outlets within CYC’s area to ensure that all solid fuels being sold are certified as ‘Ready to Burn’ in line with the Air Quality (Domestic Solid Fuels Standards) (England) Regulations 2020. We plan to develop a new Enforcement Protocol for civil penalties for smoke emissions within Smoke Control Areas (under the Clean Air Act 1993, as amended by the Environment Act 2021).
· Domestic solid fuel use (DEFRA Air Quality Grant funded project) – we will progress a DEFRA funded project (2022/23 AQ Grant) toimprove public awareness of the links between particulate matter emissions and health. Emphasis will be on reducing emissions of particulate matter from domestic solid fuel burning and other sources and on the implications for indoor and outdoor air pollution.
· Air Quality Forecasting and Alert Platform (DEFRA Air Quality Grant funded project) – we will progress a DEFRA funded project (2022/23 AQ Grant) to develop a platform that can be used by residents and visitors (especially those with health conditions exacerbated by air pollution) to make informed decisions with respect to travel around the city to help reduce their own exposure to air pollution. The platform will provide a forecasting and alert service for different areas of York both ‘on-demand’ and via a free subscription service via various communication channels to suit specific audiences.
City of York Council’s priorities for the coming year are outlined below and will be developed further with the new administration of the next 12 months:
· Progress CYC’s updated AQAP - CYC’s AQAP update will include measures to further reduce nitrogen oxides and particulates from all sources and will support and complement CYC’s economic strategy, Local Plan, Local Transport Plan/Strategy and Climate Change Strategy. CYC will keep abreast of emerging national legislation, ensuring any new measures to reduce emissions are adequately resourced and implemented in York.
· Progress upgrades to bus services (including further electrification of the urban fleet) - the York Enhanced Partnership for Buses formally came into effect on 27th September 2022. This is a statutory Enhanced Partnership (EP) under the Transport Act 2000, between City of York Council and York’s local bus operators. The EP sets out a range of binding responsibilities for the partners and will act as the principal delivery body for the £17.36 million Bus Service Improvement Plan (BSIP) funding. This funding has been awarded to the council by the Department of Transport (DfT) for use during the financial years 2022 to 2025. The EP will also provide a platform for bus users and stakeholders to share their views on the local bus network.
· Continue to address idling emissions – CYC will resource a new Public Protection Support Officer (PPSO) service throughout 2023 to provide anti-idling patrols, investigate complaints of idling and raise awareness of the links between idling emissions and health in line with CYC’s existing ‘Kick the Habit’ anti-idling campaign.
· Continue to reduce emissions from taxis - We will undertake further consultation with the trade in relation to updates to our Taxi Licensing Policy. Anticipated changes to the policy will see a gradual change in the operational taxi fleet, as vehicle licenses are renewed and as vehicles become too old to operate in the city. We will continue to roll out our DEFRA funded Low Emission Taxi Grant Scheme to support CYC licensed taxi drivers with vehicle upgrades throughout 2023. We will explore further opportunities for minimising emissions from taxis in the city centre in line with the priorities of CYC’s new administration.
· Reduce emissions from new development – we will continue to work with developers to ensure development related emissions are appropriately assessed and mitigated, exposure to poor air quality is reduced via good design practices and that new private trips are minimised via provision of opportunities for sustainable transport. We will continue to encourage walking, cycling and low emission public transport use, which have co-benefits for health and wellbeing.
· Progress development of York’s future transport policies - CYC shall progress consultation with stakeholders and residents on a draft Local Transport Policy that reflects the priorities set out in CYC’s 10-Year Strategies and the Local Plan. The draft Strategy sets out high level principles and priorities for York and has been developed with the help of a cross-party working group, taking account of the results of the ‘Our Big Conversation’ consultation carried out in Summer 2022. CYC shall develop a local transport plan by April 2024 which will enable us to reduce congestion and help people get about the city better, as well as meeting our net zero targets.
· Expansion of strategic EV charging network - CYC will deliver additional charge points and actively monitor plug-in vehicle uptake in the city to ensure our charging network remains fit for purpose.
· Raising awareness of PM emissions and health impacts - we will progress a DEFRA funded project (2022/23 AQ Grant) to improve public awareness of the links between domestic solid fuel burning, particulate emission and health impacts.
· Improving public awareness of air pollution – we will progress a DEFRA funded project (2022/23 AQ Grant) to develop an air pollution forecasting and alert platform. The platform will ensure the most vulnerable residents have access to information that allows them to minimise exposure when pollution levels are high. Wider ongoing promotion of such services will improve awareness of the links between all air pollution and health impacts generally; this will support the particulate awareness campaign and CYC’s other ongoing LAQM work.
· Further controls to address fine particulate emissions – we will consider further opportunities to tackle fine particulate emissions, building on previous feasibility work. We will develop and seek member approval for a new Enforcement Protocol for civil penalties for smoke emissions within CYC’s Smoke Control Areas.
· Reducing emissions associated with deliveries of light goods – we will aim to fully evaluate the pilot micro-consolidation centre and work with partners to find a sustainable model that will allow the operation to continue beyond the end of the pilot. A delivery hub will aim to maximise the efficiency of city centre deliveries, using e-cargo cycles and EVs, thereby minimising the need for large vehicles to enter the city centre. We will explore further opportunities for minimising emissions from freight vehicles in the city centre in line with the priorities of CYC’s new administration.
City of York Council worked to implement these measures in partnership with the following stakeholders during 2022:
· Residents of York
· Various local Primary Schools
· York Railway Station
· York Bus companies
· York Taxi Associations (and vehicle dealerships for taxi grants)
· Public Transport / Freight operators and local retailers
The principal challenges and barriers to implementation that City of York Council anticipates facing are:
· The ability of current vehicle emission standards to deliver reductions in NOx emissions, particularly the on-road performance of some Euro VI diesel vehicles.
· Development related emissions through the cumulative impact of increased development in the city. CYC will endeavour to manage this through the application of local planning guidance and best practice emission mitigation measures.
· Addressing air pollution from domestic solid fuel burning, especially during winter months, may present challenges as people turn to solid fuels to heat their homes in response to the energy and cost of living crisis. This may be further exacerbated in certain areas where fuel poverty may be a factor in the burning of non-certified wood products / waste wood or other materials.
· Uncertainties with respect to future travel behaviour and challenges in achieving required modal shift targets to sustainable modes
· Continued unnecessary vehicle idling in the city, particularly amongst heavy diesel vehicles. Increased staff resource to deal with idling complaints has been secured for 2023 and will be reviewed annually.
Progress on the following measures has been slower than expected:
· Updates to Taxi Licensing Policy - Following some earlier delays due to the impact of the pandemic on the taxi trade, an update to CYC’s Taxi Licensing Policy is expected in 2023/24. The proposed timetable for the revision, consultation and implementation of the revised policy was considered at a meeting of the Licensing and Regulatory Committee on 4th October 2022 and will progress in 2023.
· Pilot micro-consolidation centre – following some delays due to planning and other operational issues, the pilot scheme concept was developed further throughout 2022 and premises have now been identified for the 9-month hub pilot, which is expected to progress in 2023, with evaluation and pilot review expected by December 2023.
Whilst the measures stated above and in Table 2.2 will help to contribute towards compliance, City of York Council anticipates that further additional measures not yet prescribed will be required in subsequent years to achieve compliance and enable the revocation of the city centre AQMA (Order No.5).
As reported in CYC’s previous Annual Status Report, it was CYC’s original intention to revise AQAP3 by the end of 2022. In line with this original timescale, further feasibility work was progressed in 2021/22 in relation to options for reducing freight emissions and survey working in relation to the prevalence of domestic solid fuel burning across the city. It was previously reported that CYC had extended the timescales for updating its AQAP to allow consideration of additional air quality monitoring results during the pandemic ‘recovery’ period. Such monitoring has allowed a further review of air quality trends and will ensure that any new measures remain targeted and proportionate to the air quality issues in York. It is anticipated that a revised AQAP will be published later in 2023.
Table 2.2 – Progress on Measures to Improve Air Quality
The expected efficacy of measures in terms of ‘overall emission impact’ is colour coded from red (least impact) - amber - green (most impact)
Measure No. |
Measure |
Category |
Classification |
Year Measure Introduced in AQAP |
Estimated / Actual Completion Date |
Organisations Involved |
Funding Source |
Defra AQ Grant Funding |
Funding Status |
Estimated Cost of Measure |
Measure Status |
Reduction in Pollutant / Emission from Measure |
Key Performance Indicator |
Progress to Date |
Comments / Barriers to Implementation |
AQAP3 (1) |
Clean Air Zone (CAZ) |
Promoting Low Emission Transport |
Low Emission Zone |
2015 |
2021 |
CYC |
CYC and DEFRA Grant |
YES |
Funded |
£1 million - £10 million |
Completed |
Every electric bus introduced into the CAZ will remove local emissions of NO2 and PM10 and reduce CO2 emissions by approx 35 tonnes. |
Number of ultra low emission buses (Electric and Hybrid) operating within York
At Dec 2022 this was 30% |
On 31st Jan 2020 York became the first city in the country to roll out a voluntary CAZ for buses. Buses making 5 or more entrances to the CAZ per day are now required to be Ultra Low Emission Buses (ULEB) (Euro VI diesel or electric). Following a twelve month ‘sunset’ period, York’s CAZ for buses was fully operational from January 2021 and applied to all high frequency services. To facilitate the upgrade of local bus services, a total of £1,654,000 was allocated to 5 operators by CYC to help replace/retrofit 93 buses. In addition to grant supported vehicles, operators have either converted or replaced approximately 40 additional buses to ensure compliance with the CAZ requirements.
CYC was awarded funding of £8.4m (DfT’s ZEBRA scheme - March 2022) and £17m (Bus Service Improvement Plan allocation from DfT - April 2022) for wider electrification of the urban bus fleet over the next few years. BSIP funding will be used to implement a range of improvements to the city's bus network and associated infrastructure.
|
Measures to reduce emissions from buses were a critical part of AQAP3. CYC made funding available to support bus upgrades on essential services affected by CAZ implementation.
CYC will continue to improve emissions from lower frequency services and strive to maximise the number of services operating fully electric buses to further reduce exhaust emissions. It remains CYC's ambition to pursue an all-electric bus fleet within the city. |
AQAP3 (2) |
Anti-idling measures |
Traffic Management |
Anti-idling enforcement |
2015 |
2022 |
CYC |
CYC and DEFRA Grant |
YES |
Funded |
£10k - 50k |
Implementation |
From feasibility report done by TTR Ltd - at 5 busiest service bus locations, estimated savings per annum of 1,526kg NOx, 36kg PM10, 46,555kg CO2,and 17,949 litres of fuel. |
Estimate of idling time saved |
CYC continued to promote its 'Kick the Habit' anti-idling campaign throughout 2022 and worked with partners to reduce the incidence of vehicle idling across the city. In 2022 we negotiated new licence agreements with some ice cream van traders to prevent idling (or the use of generators) and introduced a new requirement for ‘Idling Management Plans’ on new developments where there are opportunities for customers to sit in their vehicles with engines running. Further promotion of the campaign was undertaken for Clean Air Day 2022, where CYC’s Public Protection team worked alongside CYC’s sustainable transport team, CYC Public Health, York and Scarborough NHS trust, local primary schools and London North Eastern Railway (LNER) to promote the day. Work in 2022 reinforces action in previous years, including the erection of permanent signage in all council owned car parks across the city, at most city centre bus stops, multiple taxi ranks and at other key locations across the city. Information about the campaign can be found on CYC’s Kick the Habit Webpage at https://www.york.gov.uk/EnginesOff |
To date CYC has not had to serve any Fixed Penalty Notices (FPNs) specifically for idling. A Fixed Penalty Notice will only be issued if a vehicle has been observed idling on the public highway for more than two minutes (without reasonable cause) and the driver refuses to switch their engine off when asked. The legislation only applies to the public highway and not to private land, such as car parks. It is also not applicable to vehicles waiting in a queue of traffic, unless there’s an obvious source of prolonged delay, such as a level crossing or an incident that’s blocking the highway. Driver’s are also allowed a reasonable period in which to defrost their vehicles to a safe level during periods of cold weather.
With respect to buses, condition 2 of the CAZ Traffic Regulation Condition (see AQAP measure 1) prohibits buses from idling their engines anywhere within the affected CAZ area for more than 2 minutes. This condition applies to all local bus services operating within the affected streets irrespective of service frequency or engine type.
Public Protection Support Officers (PPSOs) to assist with ongoing enforcement in 2023 |
AQAP3 (3) |
Further development of ECO-Stars Fleet Recognition Scheme |
Vehicle Fleet Efficiency |
Fleet efficiency and recognition schemes |
2015 |
2018 |
CYC |
DEFRA Grant |
YES |
Funded |
£10k - 50k |
Completed |
A typical van operator could see its annual output of carbon dioxide fall by six tonnes per year (see http://www.ecostars-uk.com/about-eco-stars/why-join/) |
Number of operators signed up to the scheme |
ECO-Stars scheme launched March 2013. There are currently 106 members of the scheme (as of end December 2022). CYC is not currently actively recruiting new members to the York scheme as funding expired in November 2018. |
CYC will explore further opportunities for promoting operational best practice with operators / businesses as part of ongoing work to address emissions associated with freight movements and deliveries in York |
AQAP3 (4) |
Planning and delivery of Compressed Natural Gas (CNG) refuelling infrastructure |
Promoting Low Emission Transport |
Procuring alternative refuelling infrastructure to promote Low Emission Vehicles, EV charging, Gas fuel recharging |
2015 |
2021 |
CYC and third party investment (to be identified) |
Subject to third party investment |
YES |
Partially Funded |
£10k - 50k |
Aborted |
Detailed emission savings were to be determined at planning application stage, but this measure is no longer being progressed |
To be determined |
CNG feasibility study completed in 2013. Potential site identified based on location of high pressure gas mains to the south west of the city. However, this location is designated greenbelt and line with local air quality and carbon reduction aspirations, promotion of hydrocarbon based fuels is no longer considered appropriate for subsequent AQAPs. This action will not be progressed.
Recent research has shown that vehicles fuelled by CNG may emit especially large numbers of ultra-fine particles, with the highest particle number emissions measured during urban driving (i.e. low speeds, cold-starts) which has implications for York’s city centre environment and fine particulate exposure reduction targets (Environment Act 2021). |
Note that estimated cost of £10-£50k was for the feasibility study and not the implementation of a CNG refuelling facility
|
AQAP3 (5) |
Freight delivery and service plan for key city centre retailers and streets. |
Freight and delivery management |
Delivery and service plans |
2015 |
2023 |
CYC |
CYC and DEFRA Grant |
YES |
Partially Funded |
£100k - £500k |
Planning |
To be determined |
To be determined |
Freight improvement study undertaken in 2013.
CYC was awarded additional DEFRA funding in March 2021 to carry out a feasibility study and subsequent pilot scheme to reduce emissions relating to freight deliveries travelling in to and out of York (see update for measure 5a). |
Depends on external investment and planning process. Estimated cost includes feasibility and pilot study only. |
AQAP3 (5a) |
Freight consolidation Centre |
Freight and delivery management |
Freight consolidation centre |
2015 |
2023 |
CYC and third party investment (to be identified) |
CYC and DEFRA Grant |
YES |
Partially Funded |
£1 million - £10 million |
Planning |
To be determined |
Number of city centre businesses using consolidation centre. |
CYC was awarded DEFRA funding in March 2021 to carry out a feasibility study and subsequent pilot scheme to reduce emissions relating to freight deliveries travelling in to and out of York. The initial feasibility work aimed to more precisely quantify the emission / air quality impact of freight deliveries in the city and identify suitable sustainable alternatives, which may include a delivery ‘hub’ allowing the last or first mile of the journey to be made by low emission modes, including e-cargo bikes. As part of this work, CYC has engaged with businesses, including delivery companies, on the initial feasibility work and future pilot scheme. The initial feasibility study was completed December 2021 and CYC is currently progressing a pilot. The pilot scheme concept was developed further throughout 2022 with one of CYC’s own buildings, 107-109 Walmgate, identified as a base for the 9-month hub pilot, which is expected to progress in 2023, with evaluation expected by December 2023. |
The delivery of a permanent freight consolidation centre is subject to third party investment / participation and a suitable site. CYC's ambition is that a sustainable model can be found and the operation will continue beyond the end of the pilot. |
AQAP3 (6) |
Development and implementation of LES based planning guidance |
Policy guidance and development control |
Air quality planning and policy guidance |
2015 |
2023 |
CYC |
CYC |
NO |
Funded |
£10k - 50k |
Implementation |
Aims to minimise additional emission impact of development across the entire York area. Emission savings generally calculated and reported per development. |
Number of publicly accessible EV parking bays available in York (some deliverable via the planning process) |
Low Emission Planning Guidance has been developed to accompany policy ENV1 ‘Air Quality’ of the Local Plan. The guidance is available at: https://www.york.gov.uk/downloads/file/8069/cyc-low-emission-planning-guidance-june-2022. The guidance outlines CYC's design and mitigation expectations for all new developments in the city, including EV charging. The guidance aims to assist developers to improve air quality and lower transport emissions in line with the aims and objectives of the York Air Quality Action Plan (AQAP) and Low Emission Strategy (LES). The guidance note was updated in June 2022 to reflect changes to Building Regulations as outlined in 'Approved Document S: Infrastructure for the charging of electric vehicles'. CYC continues to specify EV charging requirements through the planning process. |
In line with CYC guidance, developers are required to demonstrate how they are mitigating site emission 'damage costs' via the implementation of suitable mitigation measures.
Idling Management Plans now required for some sites |
AQAP3 (7a) |
Reducing emissions from taxis (financial incentive for low emissions taxi purchase) |
Promoting low emission transport |
Taxi emission incentives |
2015 |
2023 |
CYC |
CYC and DEFRA Grant |
YES |
Funded |
£100k - £500k |
Implementation |
A hybrid taxi produces approx 8t per annum of CO2 less than a diesel equivalent and has considerably lower emissions of NOx and PM. Electric taxis eliminate tailpipe emissions of NOx and PM |
Number of low emission taxis purchased through the local grant scheme |
CYC's first incentive scheme was launched in 2015/16 and provided financial assistance to CYC licensed taxi drivers to purchase low emission taxis.
CYC was awarded additional DEFRA AQ Grant funding in March 2020 to continue the incentive scheme in 2020/21. The new scheme was formally launched on 10th November 2020 and is currently still open for applications. At the end of 2022, CYC had supported 24 taxi drivers with vehicle upgrades and operational costs under the latest scheme. Details of the scheme can be viewed at https://www.york.gov.uk/LowEmissionTaxiGrantScheme. |
At the end of 2022, the current grant scheme had facilitated the introduction of an additional 8 electric vehicles into the York taxi fleet, alongside 16 low emission petrol hybrid vehicles (Euro 6, <100g/km CO2). |
AQAP3 (7b) |
Reducing emissions from taxis (taxi licensing emissions controls) |
Promoting low emission transport |
Taxi licensing conditions |
2015 |
2023 |
CYC |
CYC |
NO |
Funded |
< £10k |
Planning |
Not yet quantified |
% of ultra-low emission Licensed Taxis operating in York (Electric and Hybrid)
At Dec 2022 this was 32.7% |
In October 2022, CYC Licensing and Regulatory Committee approved the issuing of ten new hackney carriage vehicle licences bringing the total number to 190. Licences will be only be issued to wheelchair accessible vehicles, which are also fully electric or plug in electric hybrid. At the same meeting, Licensing and Regulatory Committee members also considered a report setting out a proposed timetable for the revision, consultation and implementation of a revised Taxi Licensing Policy. The proposed timetable of events was agreed and members approved the formation of a working party of Committee Members with input from the Executive Member for Housing and Safer Communities, to formally review the Taxi Licensing Policy, liaising with a representative of each registered Hackney Carriage, Private Hire Association and user groups. |
Operators may experience some increased vehicle replacement costs as only modern vehicles meeting the required standards are proposed to be licensed as taxis in York. However, national / local government grants can be used to offset the purchase price of replacement vehicles. A DEFRA Air Quality grant allocation was awarded to CYC in 2020 to assist with further taxi upgrades (see update for AQAP3 Measure 7a) |
AQAP3 (8) |
Planning and delivery of strategic EV charging network |
Promoting Low Emission Transport |
Procuring alternative refuelling infrastructure to promote Low Emission Vehicles, EV charging, Gas fuel recharging |
2015 |
2023 |
CYC |
CYC |
NO |
Funded |
£1 million - £10 million |
Implementation |
- |
The number of CYC electric vehicle recharging points in York (at Dec 2022 this was 110) |
EV charging previously provided at 12 hotels in conjunction with Zero Carbon World.
On 19th March 2020, CYC's Executive approved a Public EV Charging Strategy which set out the rationale for the number and location of EV charging points, the principles of tariff-setting, and the council’s approach to providing charging for residents in streets without off-road parking. The Executive also endorsed a commitment to continue to explore options for on-street charging and facilities for charging electric taxis in the city centre.
Implementation of an extensive ‘pay as you go’ fast charge public electric vehicle recharging network. Upgrades to charging facilities were progressed in 2022. The number of charging episodes reported in the city for 2022 was 24,109.
York’s second electric vehicle Hyper Hub, next to Poppleton Park and Ride, opened in Sept 2022. The new site joins the Monks Cross HyperHub, which opened earlier in 2022 and is one of the largest charging hubs in Northern England. Both Hyper Hub sites contain 4 ultra-rapid (175kW) and 4 Rapid (50kW) vehicle chargers, helping to support the uptake of modern electric vehicles that have larger battery capacities and are capable of ultra-rapid charging. |
Lack of off-street parking is a significant barrier to the uptake of EVs, as the prevailing model for domestic charging involves parking off-street (on a driveway or in a garage) and charging vehicles overnight on a domestic trickle charge. This is a particular issue in York due to high proportions of terraced housing with no off-street parking. In addition, new flatted developments present additional challenges for EV charging due to power management issues and potentially costly supply upgrades. The ultra-rapid Hyper Hub facilities are aimed at improving recharging facilities for owners of electric vehicles. especially those without off-street parking.
The CYC charging network is complemented by a number of commercial providers. Residents and visitors can use ZapMap to find the charging options available to them (https://www.zap-map.com/live/). |
AQAP3 (9a) |
Reducing CYC ‘grey fleet’ trips |
Alternatives to private vehicle use |
Car clubs |
2015 |
2023 |
CYC |
CYC |
NO |
Funded |
£50k - £100k |
Implementation |
- |
Reduction in annual business mileage |
CYC, working in partnership with Enterprise Car Club, provide a range of pool vehicles at various locations near West Offices (Main CYC HQ), Hazel Court and across the city which can be booked online and accessed via a smart membership card. The vehicles available come in a range of sizes and transmission variations so there is something to suit every type of driver. A number of existing diesel pool cars have been replaced with low emission Yaris Petrol Hybrid vehicles as part of the car club initiative. |
CYC membership of car club has significantly reduced the number of people using their own private vehicles on CYC business. |
AQAP3 (9b) |
Introduction of low emission vehicles into CYC fleet |
Promoting Low Emission Transport |
Company vehicle procurement – prioritising uptake of low emission vehicles |
2015 |
2024 |
CYC |
CYC |
NO |
Partially Funded |
£1 million - £10 million |
Implementation |
CYC aims to replace 153 vehicles from its current fleet, reducing CO2 emissions by a third. The entire fleet emits a total of 1,763 tonnes of CO2 each year. |
% of ultra-low emission vehicles in CYC Fleet, operating in York (Electric and Hybrid)
At Dec 2022 this was 18.4% |
On 19th March 2020, CYC’s Executive agreed to commence the transition to an electric fleet for all vehicles under 3.5 tonnes as part of a four year programme. Major infrastructure upgrades were progressed at CYC’s Hazel Court ECO Depot site throughout 2022 to facilitate the introduction of EV charging facilities for operational fleet vehicles. Officers are also exploring options for vehicles over 3.5 tonnes to move away from diesel as a fuel.
In 2022, CYC introduced a requirement for all depot staff to undertake mandatory Alternative Fuel Vehicle (AFV) training prior to delivery of the new electric vehicles; staff training included information on local air quality and health impacts to raise awareness of air quality issues across the CYC workforce.
With respect to waste collection, twelve new refuse trucks, including two fully electric vehicles, have been bought by CYC. The new vehicles will reduce fuel costs and pollution output by approximately 16%.
CYC owned fleet vehicles are supplemented with low emission petrol hybrid pool vehicles, available for use by staff as part of the Enterprise Car Club initiative. |
The current fleet comprises of 535 vehicles and items of plant equipment with a current capital value of £15.3 million. This includes 180 vehicles that are under 3.5 tonnes of which 153 are currently due to be replaced. |
AQAP3 (9c) |
CYC Eco-driver training and vehicle emission controls |
Vehicle Fleet Efficiency |
Driver training and Eco aids |
2015 |
2021 |
CYC |
CYC |
NO |
Funded |
£10k - 50k |
Completed |
- |
Number of CYC staff obtaining ECO driver training |
Lightfoot trial completed, Fuel additive trial completed, Programme of mandatory HGV driver training completed (including eco-driving element)
In mid-2021, CYC implemented a Masternaut telematics system for fleet vehicles to improve safety, reduce emissions and improve vehicle and driver efficiency. |
Ongoing programme of driver training including mandatory ‘Alternatively Fuelled Vehicles’ training for all staff. |
AQAP3 (10) |
Marketing and Communication Strategy |
Public Information |
Via the Internet |
2015 |
Ongoing |
CYC |
CYC and DEFRA Grant |
YES |
Funded |
£10k - 50k |
Implementation |
Difficult to quantify exact emission savings as measures aimed at preventing idling / air quality awareness / education |
Number of visitors to website per annum / Idling time saved |
Ad-hoc public communication work ongoing, including ongoing updates to CYC's air quality web pages.
‘Kick the Habit’ anti-idling awareness raising campaign was launched in mid-2019. Campaign posters have been put up in doctors’ surgeries and petrol stations in York. Permanent signage has also been erected in all CYC owned car parks, at most city centre bus stops, multiple taxi ranks and at other key locations across the city where vehicles have been observed idling.
For Clean Air Day in June 2022, CYC’s Public Protection team worked alongside CYC’s sustainable transport team, CYC Public Health, York and Scarborough NHS trust, local primary schools and London North Eastern Railway (LNER) to promote the day.
In September 2022, CYC contacted all solid fuel suppliers within and around York to remind them of their legal responsibilities with respect to the sale and delivery of solid fuels within CYC’s Smoke Control Area. Further social media promotion around the use of appropriate fuels and maintenance of appliances in line with the Government’s national Burn Better campaign was undertaken in October 2022. Compliance checks across key solid fuel distribution outlets were progressed throughout 2022 to ensure that all solid fuels being sold were certified as ‘Ready to Burn’ in line with the Air Quality (Domestic Solid Fuels Standards) (England) Regulations 2020. |
Further information about CYC's Kick the Habit campaign can be found at: https://www.york.gov.uk/engineoff
Anti-idling enforcement patrols are undertaken by staff in Public Protection, with support from Civil Enforcement Officers, in response to persistent complaints of idling in specific areas. |
AQAP3 (11a) |
Local incentives for low emission vehicles and alternative fuel use – EV chargers and business demonstrators |
Promoting Low Emission Transport |
Company Vehicle Procurement – Prioritising the uptake of low emission vehicles |
2015 |
2019 |
CYC |
CYC and DEFRA Grant |
YES |
Funded |
£10k - 50k |
Completed |
- |
Number of businesses that have installed EV charging |
CYC has provided advice to other local authorities regarding the operation of electric vehicles and the installation of charging infrastructure within their areas, including Selby District Council and Oxfordshire County Council. CYC has previously facilitated the installation of EV charging infrastructure in a number of business premises. CYC is also supporting the uptake of low emission taxis through the local Low Emission Taxi Grant scheme (see measure AQAP3 7a) |
CYC provides ongoing advice on EV charging to local businesses and other local authorities. |
AQAP3 (11b) |
Local incentives for low emission vehicles and alternative fuel use – Priority parking / reduced parking fees for low emission vehicles |
Promoting Low Emission Transport |
Priority parking for LEVs |
2015 |
2023 |
CYC |
CYC |
NO |
Funded |
£10k - 50k |
Implementation |
- |
Number of low emission permits issued |
CYC continued to issue Low Emission Permits (including Household Low Emission Permits) throughout the 2022 calendar year. See https://www.york.gov.uk/LowEmissionParking for details. |
CYC will periodically review the local definition of ‘low emission vehicle’ in the context of local parking discounts, to ensure that incentives remain appropriate and deliver continuous improvement in air quality |
AQAP3 (12) |
Attracting Low Emission industries, businesses and jobs to York |
Policy guidance and development control |
Other policy |
2015 |
2023 |
CYC |
CYC |
NO |
Funded |
£10k - 50k |
Implementation |
Not quantifiable |
Advice provided |
Provided advice to business on low emission technologies/solutions as required. Currently progressing pilot scheme to reduce emissions relating to freight deliveries travelling in to and out of York. |
Will support wider air quality improvement measures across the city |
AQAP3 (13a) |
Modal shift and network improvement measures (i-Travel York campaign) |
Promoting Travel Alternatives |
Intensive active travel campaign & infrastructure |
2015 |
Ongoing |
CYC |
DfT / Local Sustainable Transport Fund |
NO |
Funded |
£1 million - £10 million |
Implementation |
Hard to precisely quantify but target to increase modal shift away from conventional car |
% mode split or walking/cycling/bus vs conventional car drivers and car passengers % trips into city centre |
Ongoing delivery of i-Travel York sustainable travel programme - see https://www.itravelyork.info/ for further details and current updates. Specific progress updates for 2022 include:
In February 2022, CYC’s Executive Member for Transport approved the continuation of the rental trial of E-Scooters in partnership with leading European operator TIER.
CYC participated in national ‘Bike to School’ and ‘Walk to School’ weeks to encourage children and their families to walk, cycle or scoot to and from school, rather than travelling by car.
CYC continued to work with York’s bike shops throughout 2022 to enable residents to experience life with an e-cycle, free for one week. Once their trial was complete, participants were eligible for £300 discount should they decide to purchase the bike.
CYC continued delivery of the Active Travel programme. CYC were provisionally allocated around £3.3million to support active travel schemes to be implemented by 2023. The programme will develop and introduce new, permanent infrastructure that will enable more convenient and safer walking and cycling across the city. Updates are available at https://www.york.gov.uk/ActiveTravelProgramme. |
The i-Travel York programme was established following a successful bid for funding from the Department for Transport's Local Sustainable Transport Fund. The programme has been delivering an integrated programme of personal, business and school travel planning, combined with targeted infrastructure enhancements to increase people's travel choices since 2012. I-Travel York aims to inspire people in York to help look after our city - to keep it moving and keep the air clean - by considering travel options before making a journey. |
AQAP3 (13b) |
Modal shift and network improvement measures (Bus Improvements) |
Transport planning and infrastructure |
Public transport improvements interchanges, stations and services |
2015 |
2025 |
CYC |
CYC/DfT |
NO |
Funded |
> £10 million |
Implementation |
Aim to increase uptake of public transport |
National Annual Passenger satisfaction survey |
CYC and bus operators have worked together to improve York’s bus network in previous years through the York Quality Bus Partnership. Innovations in York have included improvements to bus information, including new on-street timetables and more real time displays; two new park and ride sites at Askham Bar and Poppleton Bar; fare reductions and new tickets; improvements to well used bus stops in the city centre including Museum Street and Exhibition Square; new electric buses on park and ride services; introduction of refurbished electric open-top buses on the City Sightseeing tour service; new vehicles and higher frequencies on some existing services; introduction of a multi-operator “All York” ticket and a smartcard ticket; the introduction of two “Bus Wardens” and the bus enquiry desk at the Railway Station to help passengers.
CYC published its Bus Service Improvement Plan (BSIP) in October 2021. The plan, a document required by the government’s Department for Transport (DfT) National Bus Strategy published in March 2021, reflects the key priorities for improving bus services across the city. A statutory Enhanced Partnership between CYC and local bus operators was made by officers on 27th September 2022; this is a prerequisite to secure the confirmed £17.36 million in BSIP funding from DfT. This award is in addition to £8.4m ZEBRA (Zero Emission Bus Regional Area) funding allocated to the council. BSIP funding will be used to implement a range of improvements to the city's bus network and associated infrastructure between 2022 and 2025 |
York Bus Service Improvement Plan (BSIP) available at: https://www.itravelyork.info/downloads/download/28/york-s-bus-service-improvement-plan
York Enhanced Partnership for Buses formally came into effect on 27th Sept 2022. This will act as the principal delivery body for the £17.36m BSIP funding. |
AQAP3 (13c) |
Modal shift and network improvement measures (Other LTP measures) |
Transport planning and infrastructure |
Other |
2015 |
Ongoing |
CYC |
CYC / West Yorkshire Plus Transport Fund / DfT |
NO |
Funded |
£500k - £1 million |
Implementation |
- |
Concentration reduction target in LTP3 and AQAP3 |
Measures in LTP3 (published 2011) can be viewed online at: https://www.york.gov.uk/downloads/download/124/local-transport-plan-2011---2031 (Also see updates against measure 13b). Funding obtained to deliver major schemes for York Central, increasing the capacity of the A1237 (between the A19N and Hopgrove junctions) and improve the area in front of York Station.
LTP4 currently in development. At the heart of LTP4’s development was a city-wide conversation (‘Our Big Conversation’) that ran during the summer of 2021 and considered experience of and priorities for transport, air quality and carbon reduction, journeys and the economy. CYC also worked with partners at York Civic Trust to contribute to policy research and emerging findings throughout the period of engagement. In February 2023, CYC developed a draft Local Transport Strategy, that set out high level principles and priorities for York that will underpin future transport strategies
|
The York Outer Ring Road (YORR) project has been underway since 2017 when CYC were allocated approximately £38m for improvements to the A1237 using funds from the West Yorkshire Plus Transport Fund. This funding was for upgrades of 7 roundabouts from Wetherby Road to Monks Cross. In early 2019 the upgrade of the A1237/B1224 Wetherby Road roundabout was completed. In October 2019 the Department for Transport awarded CYC £26m from its Major Road Network fund to dual the Outer Ring Road from A19 Rawcliffe (Shipton Road) roundabout to A1036 Little Hopgrove (Malton Road) roundabout. Construction work is anticipated to commence in mid-2023 for 2 years, with completion in 2025. |
AQAP3 (14) |
Other air quality improvement measures (non-transport sources) |
Environmental Permits |
Introduction/Increase of Environment charges through permit systems and economic instruments |
2015 |
Ongoing |
CYC |
CYC |
NO |
Funded |
£10k - 50k |
Implementation |
- |
Number of scheduled inspections completed per annum |
Enforcement of relevant air quality legislation is currently undertaken by Public Protection (Regulatory Support and Advice team). Estimated cost of measure is staffing resource but this will be offset by permit costs. |
Scheduled inspections undertaken by CYC Public Protection staff |
AQAP3 (15) |
Provide more green infrastructure |
Policy Guidance and Development Control |
Other policy |
2015 |
Ongoing |
CYC |
CYC |
NO |
Partially Funded |
£100k - £500k |
Planning |
- |
To be determined |
Updates published here when available: https://www.york.gov.uk/GIStrategy
The first trees have now been planted at the new York Community Woodland. This first planting is paving the way for over 100,000 trees and shrubs at the woodland to be planted over the next few years |
- |
16 |
Further conversion of diesel double decker tour buses to electric |
Vehicle Fleet Efficiency |
Vehicle Retrofitting programmes |
2014 |
2019 |
CYC |
DfT Clean Bus Technology Fund |
NO |
Funded |
£100k - £500k |
Completed |
The 4 electric buses used in York reduced tailpipe emissions in the city. Transdev have committed to continue to operate the buses in service, depending on their availability, until they are no longer viable for day to day operation.
|
Number of buses converted to electric |
CYC made a bid to DfTs Clean Bus Technology Fund (CBTF) in 2013 for funds to convert six open-top buses used on York’s City Sightseeing tour service from diesel engines to fully electric. Four buses were converted and entered service under this programme. The remaining 2 buses were not converted due to the performance of the retro-fitted electric buses on the ground not meeting an acceptable threshold of reliability, causing operational issues for the service (particularly the need to maintain spare diesel buses to provide the service when reliability when poor).
York’s experience was not unique in this respect, with a project at another historic UK city suffering problems with the supply of retro-fitted electric buses, similar to those in York. Although the York trial was not successful in meeting its primary objective, it has been successful in delivering against other objectives. It allowed a five year trial of retro-fitted buses, which has yielded much useful data in the development of subsequent electric bus projects. Use of the electric buses in York has both led to investment in the P&R fully electric bus fleet and Transdev’s electric bus fleet in Harrogate. York and Harrogate now have some of the most intensively used electric buses in the UK and use of the new, as opposed to retrofitted, electric buses has been entirely successful. |
York's Clean Air Zone means that it is not now possible to use the previous fleet of older diesel buses on the City Sightseeing Tour service. After 31/01/2021 this service needed to be Euro VI diesel or better to achieve compliance with the CAZ. It is understood that whilst the electric conversions have now largely been withdrawn as their level of reliability was incompatible with commercial service provision, the new diesel vehicles providing this service will all be Euro VI |
17 |
Retrofitting of school buses |
Vehicle Fleet Efficiency |
Vehicle Retrofitting programmes |
2016 |
2022 |
CYC |
DfT Clean Bus Technology Fund |
NO |
Funded |
£100k - £500k |
Completed |
- |
Number of retrofitted school buses |
Following the withdrawal of the Clean Vehicle Retrofit Accreditation Scheme (CVRAS) certification for the primary vehicle retrofit manufacturer, no further vehicles were retrofitted , although York Pullman invested £1.2m in new vehicles in the previous reporting year of 2021. CYC will continue to drive improvements in emission standards through contractual arrangements for school buses (and taxis). |
Clean Bus Technology Funding of £308K obtained to support this measure |
18 |
Solar panels at electric P&R sites |
Promoting Low Emission Transport |
Procuring alternative Refuelling infrastructure to promote Low Emission Vehicles, EV recharging, Gas fuel recharging |
2017 |
2021 |
CYC |
European Regional Development Fund (ERDF) |
NO |
Funded |
£1 million - £10 million |
Completed |
- |
Amount of energy generated by solar panels |
CYC secured European funding (ERDF) to allow the delivery of a full solar canopy/battery storage solution in addition to the proposed charging points at Monks Cross and Poppleton Bar. Planning applications for the new ultra rapid charge units and solar canopies were approved in November 2019. The solar canopies have a proposed generation capacity of up to 400kW powering a mix of 160kW and 7kW charge points. |
This project was funded through the European Regional Development Fund (ERDF) |
19 |
Hyper Hubs |
Promoting Low Emission Transport |
Procuring alternative Refuelling infrastructure to promote Low Emission Vehicles, EV recharging, Gas fuel recharging |
2016 |
2023 |
CYC |
CYC and OLEV |
NO |
Funded |
£1 million - £10 million |
Implementation |
- |
Number of charging episodes at hyper hubs |
York’s second electric vehicle Hyper Hub, next to Poppleton Park and Ride, opened in Sept 2022. The new site joins the Monks Cross HyperHub, which opened earlier in 2022 and is one of the largest charging hubs in Northern England. Both Hyper Hub sites contain 4 ultra-rapid (175kW) and 4 Rapid (50kW) vehicle chargers, helping to support the uptake of modern electric vehicles that have larger battery capacities and are capable of ultra-rapid charging. Poppleton’s four 175kW ultra-rapid chargers can be upgraded to 350kW when vehicle charging rates make the upgrade worthwhile. CYC is currently working on a third city centre site. |
Further information about the HyperHub project can be found at: https://www.york.gov.uk/hyperhubs The CYC network is complemented by a number of commercial providers; details of all charge points in the city can be viewed using ZapMap (https://www.zap-map.com/live/). |
As detailed in Policy Guidance LAQM.PG22 (Chapter 8), local authorities are expected to work towards reducing emissions and/or concentrations of PM2.5 (particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter of 2.5µm or less). There is clear evidence that PM2.5 has a significant impact on human health, including premature mortality, allergic reactions, and cardiovascular diseases.
Based on national estimates, pro rata, between 94 and 163 people die prematurely in York each year due to the impacts of poor air quality. This is more than the combined estimate of those who die prematurely from obesity and road accidents.
The Public Health Outcomes Framework includes an indicator relating to the fraction of mortality attributable to particulate pollution. This indicator enables Directors of Public Health to prioritise action on air quality in their local area to help reduce the health burden from air pollution. Indicator D01 ‘Fraction of mortality attributable to particulate air pollution’ is defined as the fraction of annual all cause mortality attributable to particulate air pollution (measured as fine particulate matter, PM2.5), expressed as the percentage of annual deaths from all causes in those aged 30+. The latest published figures for York are for 2021 and are 4.4%. This figure is slightly less than the figure reported for the wider Yorkshire and Humber region (5.0%) and less than the average figure reported for England in 2021 (5.5%).
It is widely accepted that fine particulate matter has a significant impact on both morbidity and mortality and diesel emissions have been classified as carcinogenic by the International Agency for Research on Cancer (part of the World Health Organisation). There is particular concern about the ‘black carbon’ fraction of particulate matter due to its health impacts, and its strong ability to absorb light energy and increase global warming. Black carbon emissions in urban environments arise predominantly from diesel transport, but are also a product of biomass combustion, used increasingly for energy production and space heating.
Emissions of oxides of nitrogen (NOx) and man-made particulate must be reduced to meet the health based national air quality objectives in York and improve public health. A major source of NOx and man-made particulate in York is traffic, particularly diesel vehicles.
To date CYC has produced two trip reduction / modal shift based Air Quality Action Plans (AQAPs) and in 2015 adopted a third Action Plan (AQAP3) focussing on reducing vehicle tailpipe emissions from the remaining vehicle fleet through the use of low emission technologies. AQAP3 is the main delivery document for York’s overarching Low Emission Strategy (LES). York’s LES was the first document of its kind in the UK. It aims to reduce all emissions to air in the city as far as practicable and recognises that there are no ‘safe’ limits for particulate emissions, particularly PM2.5. Further air quality improvement measures are also included in the Local Transport Plan and CYC’s Local Plan.
City of York Council is demonstrating a commitment to addressing PM2.5 through measures in its Air Quality Action Plan and wider associated strategies. Some specific items related directly to reducing fine particulate emissions (and indeed related to reducing exposure to such emissions) are described below:
· Exposure Reduction through the Planning Process [Measure AQAP3(6)] - Air quality staff routinely comment on planning applications to ensure that new developments are designed in a way which minimises exposure to air pollution and further emission growth. The most recent approach requires developers to calculate the damage costs of the additional emissions that their developments will cause and to mitigate this using a range of sustainable transport and low emission vehicle measures. Such measures must be considered reasonable and proportionate, relative to the damage costs associated with the development. Pre-planning advice is often provided on locations for key exposure sites (e.g. housing, schools, sports facilities, medical facilities etc.) and the use of biomass heating systems is generally discouraged in urban areas and near sensitive receptors.
· Policy Led Exposure Reduction [Links to various AQAP3 measures] – CYC’s Public Protection team work alongside other council departments with joint inputs into key council policies that can impact on air quality and exposure reduction. Examples of previous joint policies include the Local Transport Plan, Local Plan, Climate Change Strategy, Air Quality Action Plan and Low Emission Strategy. Work continues to strengthen links between air quality and the Health and Wellbeing Strategy. In 2019, CYC announced a Climate Emergency and have since set an ambition for CYC to reduce its carbon emissions to net zero by 2030. CYC recognise the threat of climate change at both a global and local scale, and are committed to delivering bold, local climate action to deliver economic and social benefits, such as new green jobs, economic savings, market opportunities and much improved well-being for York residents. Air quality improvement strategies in York complement the wider climate change/carbon reduction agenda and are well aligned to recognise synergies and prevent conflict.
· Information Led Exposure Reduction [Measure AQAP3(10)] - at the present time there is no single marketing and communications strategy at either a national or local level to deal with dissemination of public information on the links between health, air quality and transport. Acting as part of the Low Emission Partnership (alongside Bradford Metropolitan District Council and Lancaster City Council), CYC obtained DEFRA AQ Grant funding and has been working on the development of a new air quality hub. Focused on information exchange between local authority professionals, the Hub features a range of content areas related to air quality improvement measures that local authorities can adopt, as well as more specific practitioner advice notes that focus on various aspects of local air quality management, planning, monitoring and enforcement. The Hub also includes a growing library of relevant case studies and a forum to facilitate discussion and information exchange. CYC has also undertaken promotional work in relation to anti-idling as part of Clean Air Day 2022 and raised awareness of the links between idling emissions, air quality and health impacts. In early 2023, CYC was awarded funding under DEFRA’s Air Quality Grant to progress two projects relating to public awareness and exposure reduction. The first will develop a platform that can be used by residents and visitors to make informed decisions with respect to travel around the city to help reduce their own exposure to air pollution. The platform will provide a forecasting and alert service for different areas of York both ‘on-demand’ and via a free subscription service via various communication channels to suit specific audiences. The second project will develop a campaign to improve public awareness of the links between particulate matter emissions and health. Emphasis will be on reducing emissions of particulate matter from domestic solid fuel burning and other sources and on the implications for indoor and outdoor air pollution. Updates on these projects will be provided in future Annual Status Reports.
· Low Emission Vehicle Upgrades [AQAP3 Measures 16 & 17] – CYC has introduced fully electric buses across Park & Ride sites. CYC was awarded £3.3m from DfT’s Low Emission Bus Scheme in 2018 to support delivery of high capacity, fully electric buses and to support charging infrastructure at these sites. In March 2022, CYC was awarded £8.4m through DfT’s Zero Emission Bus Regional Areas (ZEBRA) scheme fund to buy an additional 44 new electric buses. This was matched by a further £10 million investment by First. DfT has since awarded the council an additional £1.8m to increase the scope of the ZEBRA scheme to fund a further 9 electric buses. With these additional vehicles, the First York bus fleet will become fully electric by 2024, significantly reducing carbon, NOx and particulate emissions across the city. In April 2022, CYC was awarded an additional £17m to support the development of key schemes and initiatives in line with York’s Bus Service Improvement Plan (BSIP), including wider electrification of the urban bus fleet.
· Clean Air Zone [Measure AQAP3(1)] – The Clean Air Zone (CAZ) for buses in the city centre was launched on 31st January 2020. Buses making 5 or more entrances to the CAZ per day are now required to be Ultra Low Emission Buses (ULEB) (Euro VI diesel or electric). A total of £1,654,000 was allocated by City of York Council to 5 bus operators to help replace/retrofit 93 buses that pass through the city centre Air Quality Management Area (AQMA). Ultra-Low / zero emission buses will reduce the amount of fine particulate (as well as NOx) emitted in the city.
· Low Emission Taxis [Measure AQAP3(7)] – York has previously pioneered a taxi grant scheme aimed at encouraging taxi drivers to move away from diesel/petrol to petrol hybrid and electric taxis. Further funding was awarded to York under DEFRA’s 2019/20 Air Quality Grant Scheme to accelerate the transition to electric and other ultra-low emission taxis. Through the taxi incentive scheme and changes to Taxi Licensing Policy, the number of ultra-low emission taxis in the York fleet has been increased to approximately 33% (figure correct as of end December 2022). Traditional petrol hybrid, plug-in hybrid and electric cars produce significantly lower tailpipe emissions than diesel equivalents.
· Low Emission Vehicle Events – In previous years, CYC has held various Low Emission Vehicle events for the public to showcase a variety of electric cars and bikes.
· Clean Air Act / Smoke Control Areas – Under the requirements of the Clean Air Act, certain areas of York have been designated Smoke Control Areas (SCAs), where emissions of smoke from chimneys of domestic properties are prohibited. CYC continue to enforce existing smoke control areas to reduce particulate emissions and nuisance. In 2023, we plan to develop a new Enforcement Protocol for civil penalties for smoke emissions within Smoke Control Areas (under the Clean Air Act 1993, as amended by the Environment Act 2021). CYC also undertakes seasonal promotion of the rules around SCAs and issued advice and guidance to residents on the use of appropriate fuels and maintenance of appliances in line with the Government’s national Burn Better campaign. This promotional work accompanies compliance checks across retailers within CYC’s area to ensure that all solid fuels being sold are certified as ‘Ready to Burn’ in line with the Air Quality (Domestic Solid Fuels Standards) (England) Regulations 2020. CYC will ensure any new measures to reduce PM2.5 emissions are proportional to the scale of local emissions and adequately resourced and implemented in York.
· First/last mile delivery options - City of York Council was awarded £297,237 by DEFRA in March 2021 to carry out a feasibility study and subsequent pilot scheme to reduce emissions relating to deliveries travelling in to and out of York. The project will focus on how to reduce the number of deliveries made to the city centre and around York by LGVs and HGVs. This will directly reduce particulate and other emissions. A base has now been identified for the 9-month hub pilot, which is expected to progress in 2023, with evaluation and pilot review expected by December 2023.
There are aspirations to provide a greater role for the Director of Public Health and colleagues in the Public Health team in the development and delivery of future air quality improvement measures. Public Protection has previously briefed CYC Public Health on air quality issues in York and supported them with the provision of anti-idling signage at vaccination centres. In early 2022 Public Protection also briefed CYC Public Health on air quality and the planning process. CYC maintain good contacts within the sustainability team at the York and Scarborough NHS trust and have delivered a number of joint Clean Air Day awareness raising events in partnership with them.
This section sets out the monitoring undertaken within 2022 by City of York Council and how it compares with the relevant air quality objectives. In addition, monitoring results are presented for a five-year period between 2018 and 2022 to allow monitoring trends to be identified and discussed.
City of York Council undertook automatic (continuous) monitoring at 9 sites during 2022. Table A.1 in Appendix A shows the details of the automatic monitoring sites. NB. Local authorities do not have to report annually on the following pollutants: 1,3 butadiene, benzene, carbon monoxide and lead, unless local circumstances indicate there is a problem. The Air Quality England page presents automatic monitoring results for City of York Council’s area, with automatic monitoring results also available through the UK-Air website.
Maps showing the location of the monitoring sites are provided in Appendix D. Further details on how the monitors are calibrated and how the data has been adjusted are included in Appendix C. There have been no significant changes to City of York Council’s overall automatic monitoring strategy in the last 12 months.
City of York Council undertook non- automatic (i.e. passive) monitoring of NO2 at 233 sites during 2022. Table A.2 in Appendix A presents the details of the non-automatic sites.
Maps showing the location of the monitoring sites are provided on City of York Council’s website and in Appendix D. Further details on Quality Assurance/Quality Control (QA/QC) for the diffusion tubes, including bias adjustments and any other adjustments applied (e.g. annualisation and/or distance correction), are included in Appendix C.
The air quality monitoring results presented in this section are, where relevant, adjusted for bias, annualisation (where the annual mean data capture is below 75% and greater than 25%), and distance correction. Further details on adjustments are provided in Appendix C.
Table A.3 and Table A.4 in Appendix A compare the ratified and adjusted monitored NO2 annual mean concentrations for the past five years with the air quality objective of 40µg/m3. Note that the concentration data presented represents the concentration at the location of the monitoring site, following the application of bias adjustment and annualisation, as required (i.e. the values are exclusive of any consideration to fall-off with distance adjustment).
For diffusion tubes, the full 2022 dataset of monthly mean values is provided in Appendix B. Note that the concentration data presented in Table B.1 includes distance corrected values, only where relevant.
Table A.5 in Appendix A compares the ratified continuous monitored NO2 hourly mean concentrations for the past five years with the air quality objective of 200µg/m3, not to be exceeded more than 18 times per year.
The highest annual mean concentration of NO2 recorded at a location representative of long-term public exposure in 2022 was 47µg/m3 on Gilllygate (Diffusion tube reference 14). The same site also monitored the highest annual mean concentration of 47µg/m3 in 2021.
Improvements in annual mean NO2 monitored at roadside continuous monitoring stations were observed between 2021 and 2022 at Fishergate (3% improvement), Holgate Road (11% improvement), Nunnery Lane (3% improvement), Lawrence Street (6% improvement) and Fulford Road (3% improvement). Annual mean NO2 monitored at Heworth Green in 2022 was comparable to that monitored in 2021 (<1% change). Annual mean NO2 monitored at Gillygate increased between 2021 and 2022 (6% increase).
Annual mean background concentrations of NO2 monitored at Bootham Hospital (City of York Council’s urban background continuous monitoring site) varied by 1% between 2021 and 2022. This reflects the reduced impact of local traffic emissions on air quality in the vicinity of this background site.
Despite some localised minor increases in NO2 in some areas, concentrations of NO2 monitored at the majority of locations in York throughout 2022 continue the general downward trend in NO2 concentrations monitored in the city since 2012. Ongoing air quality monitoring in all locations will be fundamental to understanding the longer-term environmental impacts of the pandemic and the magnitude of any changes due to increased sustained levels of walking and cycling, changes in public transport use and ongoing air quality improvement initiatives.
With respect to the city centre AQMA, exceedances of the health based annual mean NO2 objective of 40µg/m3 were monitored at some locations on Gillygate (Diffusion Tubes 7, 13, 14), Bootham / St Leonards Place (Diffusion Tubes A1, D59), Blossom Street (Diffusion Tube C27) and on Rougier Street (Diffusion Tubes 109, 115) in 2022.
Maximum annual mean concentrations of NO2 monitored at relevant locations within the current AQMA ‘technical breach’ areas were 47µg/m3 (Gillygate), 44µg/m3 (George Hudson St / Rougier St), 41µg/m3 (Holgate / Blossom Street), 34µg/m3 (Lawrence St), 30µg/m3 (Fishergate / Paragon St), 31µg/m3 (Prices Lane/Nunnery Lane) and 36µg/m3 (Coppergate). Maximum concentrations of NO2 recorded in these areas between 2021 and 2022 ranged from 8% lower on Fishergate (in 2022) to 13% higher on Coppergate (in 2022).
It is not considered appropriate to reduce the size of the city centre AQMA at this time. In line with DEFRA’s LAQM guidance, before revoking an AQMA on the basis of measured pollutant concentrations, a local authority needs to be reasonably certain that any future exceedences of air quality objectives are unlikely. For this reason, it is expected that local authorities will need to consider measurements carried out over several years or more, national trends in emissions, as well as local factors that may affect the AQMA. The AQMA boundary will be reviewed again as part of City of York Council’s next Annual Status Report (due June 2024).
Concentrations of NO2 monitored in the former Fulford Road AQMA in 2022 continue to be well below the annual mean objective of 40µg/m3. The highest recorded levels of NO2 in this area were monitored on Fulford Main Street (Diffusion Tube C58) and were 26.0µg/m3. This supports the decision to revoke the Fulford Road AQMA, as discussed in City of York Council’s previous Annual Status Reports and implemented in February 2020.
Concentrations of NO2 monitored in the former Salisbury Terrace / Leeman Road AQMA in 2022 were also all well below the annual mean objective of 40µg/m3. The highest recorded levels of NO2 in this area were monitored on Salisbury Terrace (Diffusion Tube 103) and were 28.5µg/m3. This confirms that the decision to revoke this AQMA in December 2017 was appropriate.
In December 2018, the boundary of the city centre AQMA was extended to include the full length of Coppergate and the buildings either side of the road, due to monitored concentrations of NO2 above the annual mean objective for this pollutant. The highest annual mean concentrations of NO2 monitored along Coppergate in 2022 was 35.9µg/m3 at site D56 (Three Tuns Pub, 12 Coppergate) which is below the annual mean objective for this pollutant. Whilst annual mean concentrations of NO2 were below the objective in this location in 2022 (and indeed were below concentrations monitored between 2017 – 2019), they are higher than concentrations monitored in 2021 and it is therefore considered appropriate to keep this area of the city under observation prior to making any amendments to the AQMA boundary.
Revisions to the AQMA Order in 2018 also removed the reference to breaches of the short-term hourly objective along George Hudson Street / Rougier Street / Bridge Street based on monitoring results in this area. The latest 2022 monitoring results for this area of the city indicate that this short-term objective is still being met (all annual mean concentrations were less than 60µg/m3 which suggests that an exceedance of the 1-hour mean objective is unlikely).
Table A.6 in Appendix A: Monitoring Results compares the ratified and adjusted monitored PM10 annual mean concentrations for the past five years with the air quality objective of 40µg/m3.
Table A.7 in Appendix A compares the ratified continuous monitored PM10 daily mean concentrations for the past five years with the air quality objective of 50µg/m3, not to be exceeded more than 35 times per year.
City of York Council monitors particulate (PM10) at 4 sites in the city (Bootham, Fishergate, Holgate Road and Plantation Drive). National air quality objectives for PM10 are currently met in York; this has been the case since monitoring of PM10 was established in the city. The highest annual mean concentration of PM10 monitored in York during 2022 was 17.9µg/m3 at the Holgate Road continuous monitor. Along with many areas of the UK, this concentration is above the World Health Organisation (WHO) guideline for this pollutant, which has recently been strengthened to 15µg/m3. Concentrations of PM10 monitored in 2022 were above levels monitored in 2021 at all 4 CYC sites.
At roadside locations between 2021 and 2022, annual mean PM10 increased at Plantation Drive, Holgate Road and Fishergate by 2%, 4% and 7% respectively. Annual mean concentrations of PM10 monitored at the Bootham background site also increased by 13% between 2021 and 2022. Based on PM10 monitoring data over the last 5 years, there does not appear to be any clear trend in PM10 concentrations. The general downward trend in PM10 concentrations previously observed at roadside monitoring sites up to 2017 has not continued between 2018 and 2022.
Table A.8 in Appendix A presents the ratified and adjusted monitored PM2.5 annual mean concentrations for the past five years.
Although not explicitly required under the Local Air Quality Management regime, where Local Authorities undertake PM2.5 monitoring they are encouraged to report it as part of the Annual Status Report. Micro-particulate, or PM2.5, is the pollutant which has the biggest impact on public health and on which the Public Health Outcomes framework (PHOF) indicator is based. City of York Council monitors PM2.5 at three locations in the city, namely Bootham (urban background site), Fishergate (roadside site) and Gillygate (roadside site). Monitoring of PM2.5 at Fishergate and Bootham is carried out as part of DEFRA’s Automatic and Rural Monitoring Network (AURN). Monitoring at Gillygate was established by City of York Council as a result of the growing concerns over the health impacts of PM2.5.
National air quality objectives for PM2.5 are currently met in York. The highest annual mean level of PM2.5 monitored in York during 2022 was 8.8µg/m3 at the Fishergate monitor. This compares with a maximum level of 8.4µg/m3 monitored in 2021. All monitored concentrations in 2022 are within the current annual mean objective of 10µg/m3. As with most areas of the UK, monitored concentrations of PM2.5 in York are above the new WHO Guideline value of 5µg/m3.
Between 2021 and 2022, annual mean
concentrations of PM2.5 increased at Fishergate and
Gillygate by 0.9µg/m3 (12% increase on 2021) and
1.1µg/m3 (18% increase on 2021) respectively.
Annual mean concentrations at the Bootham urban background
monitor decreased by 0.1 µg/m3 (2% decrease on
2021). Despite the minor increases in PM2.5
observed in 2022 at roadside sites, longer term trends over the
last 5 years reveal that concentrations of PM2.5 have
generally decreased across the city and levels are currently within
the updated objective for this pollutant.
Two air quality indicators have been developed for City of York Council’s ‘Council Plan’. These are used to look at trends in air quality across AQMAs/technical breach areas and are as follows:
Indicator CAN027 – Average Annual Mean Nitrogen Dioxide Concentration in each area of technical breach. This indicator provides an average nitrogen dioxide concentration based on all monitoring undertaken in each area of technical breach (historical areas of technical breach, such as Salisbury Terrace, are also shown for information). Monitoring results include bias corrected diffusion tube data and data from continuous monitors (if applicable). Trends between 2012 and 2022 are shown below.
Indicator CAN027 – Trends in average annual mean nitrogen dioxide concentration in each area of technical breach
Average concentrations of NO2 monitored in 2022 were equal to or lower than 2021 in all but two areas. Minor increases were observed between 2021 and 2022 in the Gillygate/Lord Mayors Walk and George Hudson Street / Rougier Street areas. Average concentrations were higher in 2022 than in 2020 across all areas. This is to be expected, as NO2 concentrations in 2020 were atypical / depressed due to the Covid-19 pandemic. It should be noted that average concentrations monitored in 2022 were lower than average concentrations previously recorded for this indicator in the 9 years between 2011 and 2019 (pre-pandemic). Indicator CAN027 continues to suggest a steady downward trend in nitrogen dioxide concentrations over the last 10+ years.
CAN028 - Maximum Nitrogen Dioxide Concentration (at relevant location) in each area of Technical Breach. This indicator provides a maximum recorded annual mean nitrogen dioxide concentration in each area of technical breach (historical areas of technical breach, such as Salisbury Terrace, are also shown for information). This only considers monitoring at relevant locations and is therefore useful to look at the validity of existing AQMA boundaries year to year. Trends between 2012 and 2022 are shown below.
Indicator CAN028 – Maximum nitrogen dioxide concentration (at relevant location) in each area of technical breach
The maximum annual mean NO2 concentration monitored at a relevant location in 2022 was 47.3µg/m3 on Gillygate. Maximum concentrations of NO2 monitored in the Blossom Street / Holgate Road and Rougier Street / George Hudson Street areas were also above the annual mean objective of 40µg/m3 at 41.3 µg/m3 and 43.7 µg/m3 respectively. Maximum concentrations of NO2 in all other areas were below the annual mean NO2 objective. Similar to the situation with Indicator CAN027, but with the notable exception of Gillygate, maximum concentrations of NO2 monitored in all other areas were lower than those recorded in the 9 years between 2011 and 2019. This also suggests a steady downward trend in nitrogen dioxide concentrations over the last 10+ years for most areas of the Air Quality Management Area. There is less evidence of this downward trend for Gillygate, with maximum concentrations remaining broadly similar between 2021 and 2022. Such concentrations are similar to levels observed between 2015 – 2018 for this location. Whilst maximum annual mean concentrations of NO2 recorded in the Rougier Street / George Hudson Street area increased by 8% between 2021 and 2022, they still remain below levels monitored before the pandemic in 2019.
For the purpose of monitoring the impact of York’s Local Transport Plan (LTP3) a local air quality indicator has been established. This indicator measures the mean of annual average results obtained from 36 diffusion tubes located within York’s city centre AQMA. Trends in this indicator between 2002 and 2022 are shown below.
LTP AQ Indicator – Average concentration of NO2 monitored across 36 locations located within the city centre Air Quality Management Area
This indicator suggests that NO2 concentrations across the city were in general decline between 2002 and 2005. This was followed by a steady increase in concentrations between 2006 and 2010. Between 2010 and 2019, concentrations of NO2 within the city centre AQMA improved, with levels of nitrogen dioxide across all the sites used for the indicator falling to 30µg/m3 in 2019 (this indicator was also 30µg/m3 in 2017 and 2018 and had appeared to plateau). The figure of 23µg/m3 recorded in 2020 was the lowest recorded value since the indicator was established in 2002 and was likely to be a result of significantly lower traffic levels and associated emissions in the city as a result of the Covid-19 lockdowns in 2020. The latest 2022 figure of 25µg/m3, whilst higher than the 2020 figure, is lower than the figure for 2021 (26µg/m3) and reflects an ongoing downward trend in NO2 concentrations across the city centre AQMA. This reinforces trends seen with other council air quality indicators.
The land-use planning system is recognised to play an integral part in improving air quality. This requires close co-operation between planners and environmental health practitioners.
City of York Council regularly reviews applications with respect to potential air quality and other environmental impacts. Table 4.1 below provides a list of those planning applications that have been considered in relation to air quality by City of York Council’s Public Protection team during 2022. A formal air quality impact assessment has been requested for some of these applications. Where applications listed in City of York Council’s last Annual Status Report were marked as ‘awaiting decision’, an update has been provided in this year’s report.
The Annual Status Report provides an opportunity to keep a record of such applications to provide a picture of where changes in air quality may occur in the future. The information presented is also useful to identify where combined impacts of several developments may become important.
It should be noted that electric vehicle recharging was requested for a large number of residential applications in 2022 and as such these have been omitted from the table below. Comments on all applications processed by City of York Council are available by searching the planning reference number at Search Planning Applications received by City of York Council.
Table 4. 1 Planning Applications considered during 2022
[N.B. Comments provided relating to application status reflect the position as of end March 2023]
Planning Reference |
Description |
Type |
Comments |
Status |
15/00166/FULM / 15/00167/FULM |
Proposed erection of 228 dwellings, café/retail unit with associated access, highways, landscaping, open space and engineering works. Land to the south of Hull Road, York |
Full Application |
Predicted impacts on annual mean concentrations of NO2, PM10 and PM2.5 at sensitive receptor locations within the vicinity of the site considered ‘negligible’ when assessed in line with relevant guidance. Cumulative air quality impacts associated with operational traffic and proposed 2MW combustion plant at University of York also assessed and not of concern.
A strategy for the provision of EV charging facilities across the site was requested. Construction Environmental Management Plan (CEMP) requested. Emission mitigation statement requested. |
2023 Update
Awaiting decision |
Outline planning application with full details of means of access for residential development of 970 dwellings with associated demolition, infrastructure works, open space, primary school, community facilities and convenience store on land West of Monks Cross Link Road |
Outline Application |
Public Protection requested conditions regarding a Construction Environmental Management Plan (CEMP) and facilities for charging electric vehicles on the site. |
2023 Update
Application approved on appeal (14/12/2022) |
|
18/00680/OUTM |
Outline planning application with all matters reserved except for means of access for the erection of 160no. dwellings with public open space, landscaping and drainage, OS Field Lying To The South Of And Adjacent to No 1 Tadcaster Road, Copmanthorpe, York |
Outline Application |
Public Protection requested conditions relating to electric vehicle recharge points and a Construction Environmental Management Plan (CEMP) |
2023 Update
Awaiting decision |
19/00602/FULM |
Erection of 97 dwellings, landscaping, public open space and associated infrastructure. Land To The South East Of 51 Moor Lane, Copmanthorpe, York |
Full Application |
Public Protection requested conditions relating to electric vehicle charge points and a Construction Environmental Management Plan |
2023 Update
Awaiting decision |
19/01260/OUTM |
Outline application for planning permission for a business park up to 25,084sq.m (Use Class B1) and an Innovation Centre up to 6,503 sq.m (Use Class B1/B2), with ancillary pavilion units up to 836 sq.m (Use Classes A1, A3, A4, D1 and D2), associated car parking, a park and ride facility, including park and ride amenity building up to 186 sq.m, hard and soft landscaping and highway alterations, all matters reserved apart from detailed access. Field Adjacent A19 And St Nicholas Avenue York |
Outline Application |
Public Protection requested a condition regarding the production of Construction Environmental Management Plan to minimise dust emissions during construction phases. Conditions were also requested regarding the assessment of any air quality impacts associated with any on-site combustion, and the provision of a strategy for the provision of electric vehicle charging facilities across the site. |
2023 Update
Awaiting decision |
19/01969/FULM |
Extension to existing York Designer Outlet Centre, relocation of existing Park & Ride facility, creation of new retail car parking and associated landscaping. York Designer Outlet, St Nicholas Avenue, York, YO19 4TA |
Full Application |
The development did not necessitate a detailed air quality assessment on the basis of the anticipated increase in traffic. Public Protection requested that a minimum of 32 parking spaces were provided with facilities for charging electric vehicles (with an additional 32 bays identified for the future installation of additional electric vehicle charge points). A Construction Environmental Management plan was also requested. |
2023 Update
Awaiting decision |
20/01471/FULM |
Royal Masonic Benevolent Institute, Connaught Court, St Oswalds Road, York, YO10 4QA |
Full Application |
Public Protection requested 2 active charge points for electric vehicles (this was already proposed as part of the application) |
2023 Update
Application approved (22/12/2022) |
20/02421/FULM |
Erection of 99no. room hotel, associated works and infrastructure. Land To The Rear Of Mill House, North Street, York |
Full Application |
12 EV charging points to the north and east of the development were proposed for use by staff and visitors |
2023 Update
Application approved (10/6/2022) with condition regarding EV charge point specification |
20/02503/FUL |
Extension to west elevation of existing unit. York Guns, Camsey House, Unit 1 Foxoak Business Park, Common Road, Dunnington, York YO19 5RZ |
Full Application |
EV charge point requested |
2023 Update
Application approved (7/7/2022) with condition for EV charge point |
20/02517/FULM |
Erection of extra care accommodation including no.73 apartments and decked car park with associated private amenity space, landscaping, substation and vehicular access alterations. Chocolate Works Residents Parking, Bishopthorpe Road, York |
Full Application |
Detailed air quality assessment not required, but 7 EV charge points requested based on parking provision |
2023 Update
Appeal decided (11/01/2023) dismissed at appeal |
21/00305/OUTM |
Outline planning permission with all matters reserved except access, for circa 300 residential dwellings, associated landscaping, public open space, and the formation of two new vehicle accesses from New Lane. Huntington South Moor, New Lane, Huntington York |
Outline Application |
Dust Management Plan / Construction Environmental Management Plan (CEMP) requested. Negligible air quality impacts demonstrated for operational phases. Strategy for EV charging facilities across the site requested |
2023 Update
Awaiting decision |
21/01605/FULM |
Demolition of existing buildings and redevelopment of the site to form 280no. room purpose built student accommodation with associated car parking, landscaping and facilities. Mecca Bingo, 68 Fishergate, York |
Full Application |
AQ assessment demonstrated that mitigation measures would not be required during operational phases of development to reduce exposure of future occupants to poor air quality. However, assessment showed that mitigation measures would be needed during construction phases to minimise dust impacts for nearby sensitive receptors. Construction Environmental Management Plan (CEMP) requested. EV charge point requested |
2023 Update
Application approved (25/4/2022) with condition for EV charging and CEMP |
21/02108/FULM |
NHS Property Services Limited, Bootham Park Hospital, Bootham, York, YO30 7BY |
Full Application |
Development predicted to generate less vehicular traffic than when the former Bootham Hospital was in operation, both in terms of daily traffic and trips in the highway peak hours. Vehicular and air quality impacts considered to be negligible. Based on local monitoring, baseline air quality on the site also well within health based air quality standards Construction Environmental Management Plan (CEMP) requested.
9 EV charge points requested for the site based on 170 parking spaces. |
2023 Update
Awaiting decision |
21/02573/FULM |
Demolition of existing buildings, alterations to 'The Married Quarters Building', and erection of new buildings to provide no.85 residential dwellings (Use Class C3), 457sqm of commercial, business and service floorspace (Use Class E) and 152sqm of community floorspace (Use Class F1/F2) with associated ancillary development. Development Site, Hospital Fields Road And Ordnance Lane, York |
Full Application |
Public Protection requested a strategy for provision of EV charging facilities on the site. A Construction Environmental Management Plan (CEMP) was also requested for the site. |
2023 Update
Application approved (14/6/2022) with condition for EV charging and CEMP |
21/02661/FULM |
Erection of 21no. dwellings and associated works. Land To The East Of Middlewood Close, Rufforth, York |
Full Application |
Condition requested regarding specification of proposed in -curtilage and remote EV charge points |
Application refused (15/8/2022) |
21/02757/OUT |
Pigotts Autoparts, Sheriff Hutton Road, Strensall, York, YO32 5XH |
Outline Application |
Condition requested regarding passive provision for EV charging points |
Awaiting decision |
22/00015/FULM |
Erection of 1no. three storey office building (use class E) and 2no. two storey light industrial buildings (use classes E, B2 and B8) together with parking and new access arrangements following demolition of existing buildings (resubmission), J H Shouksmith And Sons Ltd, Murton Way, York, YO19 5GS |
Full Application |
Condition requested regarding EV charging strategy |
Application approved (03/03/2023) with condition for EV charging strategy |
21/02425/LBC |
Internal and external alterations to include reinstating pots on chimney stacks and fire surrounds and inserts to five rooms. 116 Holgate Road, York, YO24 4BB |
Listed Building Consent |
Informative provided regarding installation of solid fuel burning appliances in a Smoke Control Area |
Application approved (02/11/2022) |
22/00098/FULM |
Demolition of 1 - 9 Rougier Street and erection of mixed use development including 153 apartments (Use Class C3), offices (Use Class E), visitor attraction (Use Class F1), aparthotel with 88 rooms (Use Class C1) with associated landscaping and public realm improvements - (resubmission). Northern House, Rougier Street, York |
Full Application |
Condition requested regarding continuous mechanical supply and extract ventilation system (MVHR) serving apartments facing Rougier Street, up to and including second floor level, to minimise exposure to poor air quality within the AQMA. Conditions also requested regarding a Construction Environmental Management Plan and anti-idling signage at the taxi pick-up / drop-off facility. |
Awaiting decision |
22/00192/FUL |
Installation of temporary theatre unit, storage cabin and additional car parking. Clifton Park Treatment Centre NHS North Yorkshire And York, Bluebeck Drive, York, YO30 5RA |
Full Application |
Condition requested regarding the provision of 2 EV charge points, with passive provision for a further 2 points. |
Application approved (10/06/2022) with condition |
22/00417/EIASP |
Scoping opinion in respect of residential development of circa 1700 dwellings (to include a retirement village of circa 350 dwellings) with associated infrastructure works, open space, country park, primary school, community facilities and local retail uses. OS Fields 5085 And 8186 Road A1237 From Strensall Road Roundabout Up To And Including North Lane Roundabout, Huntington, York |
EIA Scoping Opinion |
Public Protection provided advice on screening thresholds and mitigation requirements |
EIA Required (13/04/2022) |
22/00552/FULM |
Erection of extra care accommodation including no.70 apartments and decked car park with associated private amenity space, landscaping, substation and vehicular access alterations – resubmission. Chocolate Works, Residents Parking, Bishopthorpe Road, York |
Full Application |
Condition requested regarding EV charging strategy |
Application refused (10/02/2023) |
AOD/22/00087 |
Condition 6 (details of mechanical ventilation) of planning permission 17/00170/FUL. Rathmell Hall, George Hudson Street, York, YO1 6LP |
Approval of Details |
Referred to Building Control to review mechanical ventilation scheme and test results |
Condition discharged (24/05/2022) |
22/00685/FULM |
Erection of new two storey pitched roof block and single storey flat roof extension, together with associated external works including car park areas, paved terrace, fenced play areas and the formation of a new pedestrian and cycle access after partial demolition of former Clifton Without Junior School buildings. Clifton Without County Junior School, Rawcliffe Drive, York, YO30 6NS |
Full Application |
Condition requested regarding EV charging strategy |
Application approved (11/11/2022) |
AOD/22/00097 |
Emission Mitigation Statement for York Central. Approval of details application - discharge of Condition 53 (Emission Mitigation) of 18/01884/OUTM |
Approval of Details |
Emission Mitigation Statement provides a framework by which future Reserved Matters Applications (RMAs) will be determined and sets out a number of measures for lowering emissions and exposure to air pollution, to deliver the principles of CYC’s Low Emission Planning Guidance across the site and over a number of phases of development. |
Condition discharged (28/04/2022) |
AOD/22/00111 |
Condition 13 of 20/00148/FULM The Tile Company Unit 2 Kettlestring Lane, York, YO30 4XF |
Approval of Details |
Location and specification of charge points acceptable |
Condition discharged (07/07/2022) |
AOD/22/00113 |
Condition 9 (Electric Vehicle Recharging Point) of planning permission 20/01200/FULM. Aubrey House, Foss Islands Road, York, YO31 7UP |
Approval of Details |
Location and specification of charge points acceptable |
Condition discharged (21/07/2022) |
AOD/22/00119 |
Condition 10 of 21/00194/FUL. Proposed Residential Development Site, Shilton Garth Close, Earswick, York |
Approval of Details |
Details of passive provision for electric charge point acceptable |
Condition discharged (13/03/2023) |
22/00751/LBC |
Temporary installation of air quality monitoring equipment, York Station, Station Road York |
Listed Building Consent |
Public Protection supportive of proposals to monitor air quality within the station to establish baseline conditions |
Application approved (30/06/2022) |
AOD/22/00134 |
Condition 12 of 18/01865/FUL. The Old Post Office Club, 26 Marygate, York, YO30 7BH |
Approval of Details |
Two communal charging points to be installed on the side wall of House 4 with additional charging points fitted in each private garage |
Condition discharged (28/11/2022) |
AOD/22/00148 |
Condition 13 of 20/00056/FULM. Site Of Former Unit C, Auster Road, York |
Approval of Details |
The location and specification of the twin charge point considered acceptable |
Condition discharged 20/06/2022 |
22/00896/FUL |
Variation of conditions 2 and 9 of permitted application 21/00796/FULM to alter the number and type of EV chargers. Land To The South Of Northminster Business Park, Harwood Road, Upper Poppleton, York |
Full Application |
Condition 9 required 30 EV recharging points to be provided in a position and to a specification agreed by CYC (13 EV chargers for vans associated with the delivery of goods and 17 EV chargers for staff / visitors cars). The proposal was for this to be changed to 2 x 50kw rapid chargers for vans and 8 x twin 7kW chargers for cars (providing 16 charging spaces).
With respect to car parking, the proposals exceeded CYC’s requirement for numbers of active EV charging points (5%). With respect to van parking, the provision of a fewer number of 50kW rapid charge points was considered acceptable as this would benefit the operation as it will allow vans to be kept in service for more hours of the day as they can be charged at a faster rate. |
Application approved (23/06/2022) |
22/00542/FUL |
Variation of condition 2 of permitted application 16/01646/FULM to alter layout and elevations – revised EV charging point. The Clock Tower, Bishopthorpe Road, York |
Ful Application |
Proposal to provide 2 ‘rapid’ charge (50 kW) EV charge points |
Application approved (14/12/2022) |
22/01139/FUL |
Alterations to car park to provide Electric Vehicle charging posts together with electrical infrastructure to include sub-station, lighting, cabinet and associated works, Vangarde Retail Park Vangarde Way, Huntington, York, YO32 9AE |
Full Application |
Public Protection supported the installation of additional EV charging facilities within the retail park to promote the uptake of EVs. |
Application approved (26/08/2022) |
AOD/22/00201 |
Conditions 12 (EVCP) of 20/01626/FULM. OS Field 2800, Eastfield Lane, Dunnington, York |
Approval of Details |
Applicant required to identify proposed location for a future Electric Vehicle Recharge Point within the development curtilage and ensure suitable radial AC single phase connection. |
Awaiting decision |
22/01555/FULM |
Extension to Pavers facility to provide office space with associated car parking and landscaping. Pavers Ltd, Catherine House, Northminster Business Park, Harwood Road, Upper Poppleton York YO26 6QU |
Full Application |
Condition requested regarding EV charging strategy |
Application withdrawn (04/12/2022) |
AOD/22/00278 |
Condition 4 (Details of Electric Vehicle Recharging Point) of planning permission 21/00150/FUL. Simpson (York) Ltd, Unit 10, Hassacarr Close, Dunnington, York, YO19 5SN |
Approval of Details |
Specification of the charge point considered acceptable |
Application approved (31/08/2022) |
AOD/22/00286 |
Condition 5 (EVCP maintenance plan) of 20/00921/FUL. Moorgate Court, George Cayley Drive, York |
Approval of Details |
Electric Vehicle Charging Point Maintenance Plan considered acceptable |
Application approved (27/09/2022) |
22/01891/FUL |
Removal of condition 15 of permitted application 12/03155/FULM to enable windows facing Piccadilly and Coppergate to be opened and benefit from natural ventilation. Swan Court, Piccadilly, York |
Full Application |
Air quality monitoring survey submitted in support of the application demonstrated that levels of nitrogen dioxide were within health-based standards around the building. Public Protection were therefore satisfied that the previous condition regarding mechanical ventilation could be removed. |
Application approved (08/11/2022) |
22/01948/FUL |
Change of use of ground floor from restaurant (Class E) to (holiday) letting rooms. Zills Mediterranean, 19 Gillygate, York, YO31 7EA |
Full Application |
No requirement for air quality mitigation whilst the building is used for short term holiday lets, but the proposed ground floor use included a living area / habitable room facing Gillygate at ground floor level and therefore does potentially include future opportunities for ‘relevant exposure’ to air pollution in an area within an existing AQMA, should the building become a permanent dwelling. This would be subject to a further planning application. Mitigation measures requested would depend upon monitoring results at the time of any future planning application |
Application approved (07/11/2022) |
22/02020/FULM |
Improvements to the A1237 York Outer Ring Road including dualling of existing carriageway, improvements to roundabouts etc. STREET RECORD A1237 York Outer Ring Road A19 Roundabout Up To And Including Little Hopgrove Roundabout York |
Full Application |
The plans include significant improvements, with the aim to reduce congestion, move car journeys out of the city centre and improve active travel facilities for pedestrians and cyclists. The proposals feature upgrades along the York Outer Ring Road from the A19 Shipton Road to the A1036 Little Hopgrove and would see improvements to 6 sections of the northern York Outer Ring Road. No significant adverse impacts predicted at the sensitive receptors considered for the annual mean NO2, PM10 or PM2.5 during operational phases. Based on the analysis of city centre locations considered, the scheme may bring about some improvement in air quality due to reductions in traffic flow observed in the AQMA. With respect to construction phases, with the application of best practice mitigation measures during construction it is considered that potential impacts from fugitive dust can be managed effectively and the residual impacts would not be significant. Public Protection requested a Construction Environmental Management Plan (CEMP), which should specifically include a Dust Management Plan (DMP) and Traffic Management Plan (TMP). |
Awaiting decision |
AOD/22/00342 |
Condition 14 of 19/01339/FUL, Murton Grange, Bad Bargain Lane, York, YO19 5XB |
Approval of Details |
Condition required incorporate sufficient capacity within the electricity distribution board for one dedicated radial AC single phase connection for EV charging infrastructure. 3 fixed charging points were provided. |
Application approved (27/01/2023) |
22/02376/EIASN |
Screening opinion in relation to new railway station, Land Adjacent Rail Line At Towthorpe Road, York |
EIA Screening Opinion |
Highlighted that construction phase air quality / dust impacts should be appropriately assessed and mitigated and that traffic movements associated with the scheme should be screened in line with CYC’s Low Emission Planning Guidance to determine the level and nature of any air quality assessment required. There is a reasonable buffer distance (>100m) between the site and nearby residential neighbourhoods and it is not anticipated that emissions from idling locomotives would result in significant air quality / exposure impacts. Proposals include electric vehicle charging provision for 16% of parking spaces. |
EIA not required (05/01/2023) |
22/02433/FUL |
Variation of condition 17 of permitted application 21/00737/FULM to reduce the number of Electric Vehicle Recharging Point(s) down from 9no. to 4no. Fulford School Fulfordgate York YO10 4FY |
Full Application |
On the basis of 40 new car parking spaces, CYC require a minimum of 2 charge points to an agreed specification. The proposal to install 4 charge points (10%) exceeded CYC’s minimum requirements for active charge point provision and was considered acceptable. |
Application approved (23/01/2023) |
Table A.1– Details of Automatic Monitoring Sites
Site ID |
Site Name |
Site Type |
X OS Grid Ref (Easting) |
Y OS Grid Ref (Northing) |
Pollutants Monitored |
In AQMA? Which AQMA? |
Monitoring Technique |
Distance to Relevant Exposure (m) (1) |
Distance to kerb of nearest road (m) (2) |
Inlet Height (m) |
CM1 |
Bootham |
Urban Background |
460022 |
452777 |
NOx, PM10, PM2.5 |
No |
C, BAM |
60 |
49.6 |
3.0 |
CM2 |
Fishergate |
Roadside |
460746 |
451038 |
NOx, PM10, PM2.5 |
Yes - AQMA No.5 |
C, BAM |
10 |
3.2 |
2.7 |
CM3 |
Holgate |
Roadside |
459512 |
451282 |
NOx, PM10 |
Yes - AQMA No.5 |
C, TEOM |
12 |
2.5 |
1.7 |
CM4 |
Nunnery Lane |
Roadside |
460068 |
451199 |
NOx |
Yes - AQMA No.5 |
C |
4 |
1.7 |
1.7 |
CM5 |
Gillygate |
Roadside |
460147 |
452345 |
NOx, PM2.5 |
Yes - AQMA No.5 |
C, TEOM |
3 |
2.1 |
2.5 |
CM6 |
Lawrence Street |
Roadside |
461256 |
451340 |
NOx |
Yes - AQMA No.5 |
C |
5 |
3.2 |
1.7 |
CM7 |
Heworth Green |
Roadside |
461126 |
452602 |
NOx |
No |
C |
3 |
1.2 |
1.5 |
CM8 |
Plantation Drive |
Roadside |
457428 |
452620 |
PM10 |
No |
TEOM |
17 |
1 |
1.7 |
CM9 |
Fulford Road |
Roadside |
460937 |
449464 |
NOx |
No |
C |
19 |
5 |
1.7 |
Notes:
(1) 0m if the monitoring site is at a location of exposure (e.g. installed on the façade of a residential property).
(2) N/A if not applicable
Table A.2– Details of Non-Automatic Monitoring Sites
Diffusion Tube ID |
Site Name |
Site Type |
X OS Grid Ref (Easting) |
Y OS Grid Ref (Northing) |
Pollutants Monitored |
In AQMA Order No.5? |
Distance to Relevant Exposure (m) (1) |
Distance to kerb of nearest road (m) (2) |
Tube Co-located with a Continuous Analyser? |
Tube Height (m) |
5 |
Lamp post 15 Forge Close, Jockey Lane |
Roadside |
462040 |
454883 |
NO2 |
NO |
16.9 |
1.9 |
N |
~2.75 |
6 |
Lamp post top of Nunnery Lane Car Park |
Roadside |
459777 |
451406 |
NO2 |
YES |
7.7 |
2.8 |
N |
~2.75 |
7 |
Gillygate opposite Portland Street |
Roadside |
460217 |
452421 |
NO2 |
YES |
2.3 |
0.3 |
N |
~2.75 |
8 |
Portland Street - triplicate |
Urban Background |
460163 |
452468 |
NO2 |
NO |
3.7 |
1.8 |
N |
~2.75 |
9 |
Portland Street - triplicate |
Urban Background |
460163 |
452468 |
NO2 |
NO |
3.7 |
1.8 |
N |
~2.75 |
11 |
Holly Bank |
Urban Background |
458846 |
450946 |
NO2 |
NO |
7.7 |
0.7 |
N |
~2.75 |
13 |
Papillion hotel, Gillygate |
Roadside |
460176 |
452377 |
NO2 |
YES |
0.1 |
1.5 |
N |
~2.75 |
14 |
Gillygate Surgery |
Roadside |
460167 |
452347 |
NO2 |
YES |
0.2 |
2.3 |
N |
~2.75 |
15 |
Foss Islands Rd |
Roadside |
461105 |
451458 |
NO2 |
YES |
1.9 |
1.9 |
N |
~2.75 |
16 |
Prices Lane |
Roadside |
460160 |
451152 |
NO2 |
YES |
2.5 |
1.2 |
N |
~2.75 |
17 |
Drainpipe of house 18 Queen St |
Roadside |
459646 |
451500 |
NO2 |
YES |
0.2 |
1.3 |
N |
~2.75 |
18 |
Lamp post 4 Haxby Road |
Roadside |
460457 |
452903 |
NO2 |
YES |
3.3 |
1.9 |
N |
~2.75 |
25 |
Heworth Road - Lamp post 6 |
Roadside |
461721 |
452709 |
NO2 |
NO |
7.2 |
1.4 |
N |
~2.75 |
26 |
Haleys Terrace (previously Longwood Road) |
Roadside |
460829 |
453524 |
NO2 |
NO |
8.5 |
0.4 |
N |
~2.75 |
33 |
Haxby Road (nr Whitecross Rd) |
Roadside |
460598 |
453227 |
NO2 |
NO |
14.5 |
1.7 |
N |
~2.75 |
35 |
Carr Lane |
Roadside |
457603 |
451492 |
NO2 |
NO |
6.2 |
2.9 |
N |
~2.75 |
37 |
Jarvis Abbey Park |
Roadside |
459522 |
451187 |
NO2 |
YES |
21.6 |
2.7 |
N |
~2.75 |
44 |
Lamp post 8 Monkgate Cloisters |
Roadside |
460679 |
452326 |
NO2 |
YES |
2 |
1.6 |
N |
~2.75 |
45 |
Clarence St |
Roadside |
460319 |
452754 |
NO2 |
YES |
3.6 |
2 |
N |
~2.75 |
47 |
Strensall Road |
Roadside |
462009 |
456996 |
NO2 |
NO |
19.2 |
0.8 |
N |
~2.75 |
50 |
BLANK |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
NO2 |
N/A |
N |
N/A |
N |
N/A |
60 |
First Lamp post on Navigation Road |
Roadside |
461017 |
451781 |
NO2 |
YES |
13 |
0.2 |
N |
~2.75 |
78 |
Gillygate Monitoring Station - triplicate |
Roadside |
460149 |
452342 |
NO2 |
YES |
3.4 |
2.3 |
Y |
~2.75 |
79 |
Gillygate Monitoring Station - triplicate |
Roadside |
460149 |
452342 |
NO2 |
YES |
3.4 |
2.3 |
Y |
~2.75 |
80 |
Gillygate Monitoring Station - triplicate |
Roadside |
460149 |
452342 |
NO2 |
YES |
3.4 |
2.3 |
Y |
~2.75 |
83 |
Drainpipe 6 Stockton Lane - nr Heworth Rd roundabout |
Urban Background |
461597 |
452830 |
NO2 |
NO |
0.1 |
8.8 |
N |
~2.75 |
88 |
Lamp post 1 Yew Tree Mews Osbaldwick Village |
Urban Background |
463354 |
451972 |
NO2 |
NO |
4.9 |
0.6 |
N |
~2.75 |
90 |
Lamp post Opposite Montaque Street on Cambleshon Road |
Roadside |
459997 |
450109 |
NO2 |
NO |
19.8 |
1 |
N |
~2.75 |
96 |
Heslington Lane |
Roadside |
460978 |
449452 |
NO2 |
NO |
1.5 |
2.5 |
N |
~2.75 |
100 |
House Near A59 Ringroad Roundabout |
Roadside |
456228 |
453312 |
NO2 |
NO |
0.2 |
15 |
N |
~2.75 |
101 |
Wiggington Road near the ring road roundabout |
Roadside |
459746 |
455897 |
NO2 |
NO |
15 |
0.5 |
N |
~2.75 |
102 |
Signpost between houses 252 & 254 on Salisbury Terrace - triplicate |
Roadside |
458703 |
452429 |
NO2 |
NO |
0.2 |
1 |
N |
~2.75 |
103 |
Signpost between houses 252 & 254 on Salisbury Terrace - triplicate |
Roadside |
458703 |
452429 |
NO2 |
NO |
0.1 |
1.4 |
N |
~2.75 |
104 |
Signpost between houses 252 & 254 on Salisbury Terrace - triplicate |
Roadside |
458703 |
452429 |
NO2 |
NO |
0.1 |
1.4 |
N |
~2.75 |
107 |
Inbetween corner shop & betting office |
Roadside |
458779 |
452387 |
NO2 |
NO |
3 |
3.8 |
N |
~2.75 |
108 |
On signpost opposite side of road from 200 Salisbury Terrace |
Roadside |
458814 |
452373 |
NO2 |
NO |
0.2 |
1.5 |
N |
~2.75 |
109 |
Signpost outside 16 Rougier Street |
Roadside |
459924 |
451833 |
NO2 |
YES |
0.2 |
2.5 |
N |
~2.75 |
110 |
Signpost inbetween Club Salvation & 31 George Hudson Street |
Roadside |
459985 |
451727 |
NO2 |
YES |
0.2 |
2.3 |
N |
~2.75 |
111 |
Lamp post at side of Cedar Court opposite entrance to Multi-storey Car Park on Tanner Row |
Roadside |
459917 |
451728 |
NO2 |
NO |
26 |
2.6 |
N |
~2.75 |
112 |
Lamp post outside St Gregorys Mews, opposite Council HQ Toft Green |
Roadside |
459873 |
451684 |
NO2 |
NO |
1 |
2.3 |
N |
~2.75 |
114 |
Bus Stop outside Society bar/cafe Rougier Street |
Roadside |
459981 |
451778 |
NO2 |
YES |
3.5 |
2.7 |
N |
~2.75 |
116 |
111 Poppleton Road, drainpipe |
Roadside |
458212 |
452037 |
NO2 |
NO |
0.1 |
5.3 |
N |
~2.75 |
125 |
Osbaldwick Derwenthorpe |
Roadside |
463194 |
451967 |
NO2 |
NO |
20 |
1.6 |
N |
~2.75 |
126 |
New Tube (Osbalwick Parish Council) nr Bridge |
Roadside |
463482 |
451896 |
NO2 |
NO |
17.5 |
0.9 |
N |
~2.75 |
127 |
Lamp post to left of 102 Layerthorpe (flats) |
Roadside |
461108 |
452313 |
NO2 |
NO |
3.3 |
1.8 |
N |
~2.75 |
128 |
Drainpipe between 7-9 Livingstone Street |
Roadside |
458686 |
452369 |
NO2 |
NO |
0.1 |
1.6 |
N |
~2.75 |
129 |
Drainpipe to front of 88 Station Road |
Roadside |
455968 |
453397 |
NO2 |
NO |
0.1 |
14.5 |
N |
~2.75 |
2a |
Fishergate Monitoring station - triplicate |
Roadside |
460746 |
451034 |
NO2 |
YES |
16.3 |
3.5 |
Y |
~2.75 |
2b |
Fishergate Monitoring station - triplicate |
Roadside |
460746 |
451034 |
NO2 |
YES |
16.3 |
3.5 |
Y |
~2.75 |
2c |
Fishergate Monitoring station - triplicate |
Roadside |
460746 |
451034 |
NO2 |
YES |
16.3 |
3.5 |
Y |
~2.75 |
3a |
Bootham Monitoring Station - triplicate |
Urban Background |
460024 |
452767 |
NO2 |
NO |
39 |
49.6 |
Y |
~2.75 |
3b |
Bootham Monitoring Station - triplicate |
Urban Background |
460024 |
452767 |
NO2 |
NO |
39 |
49.6 |
Y |
~2.75 |
3c |
Bootham Monitoring Station - triplicate |
Urban Background |
460024 |
452767 |
NO2 |
NO |
39 |
49.6 |
Y |
~2.75 |
95a |
Fulford Monitoring Station - triplicate |
Roadside |
460938 |
449465 |
NO2 |
NO |
19 |
6.5 |
Y |
~2.75 |
95b |
Fulford Monitoring Station - triplicate |
Roadside |
460938 |
449465 |
NO2 |
NO |
19 |
6.5 |
Y |
~2.75 |
95c |
Fulford Monitoring Station - triplicate |
Roadside |
460938 |
449465 |
NO2 |
NO |
19 |
6.5 |
Y |
~2.75 |
9a |
Portland Street - triplicate |
Urban Background |
460163 |
452468 |
NO2 |
NO |
3.7 |
1.8 |
N |
~2.75 |
A1 |
Bootham traffic light outside dance shop |
Roadside |
460088 |
452263 |
NO2 |
YES |
0.2 |
2.3 |
N |
~2.75 |
A11 |
Traffic lights end of Water Lane |
Roadside |
459341 |
453042 |
NO2 |
YES |
13.6 |
0.4 |
N |
~2.75 |
A12 |
Lamp post 7 Clifton Green |
Roadside |
459251 |
453008 |
NO2 |
YES |
12.9 |
2.2 |
N |
~2.75 |
A13 |
Lamp post 1 Clifton Dale - triplicate |
Urban Background |
459335 |
452931 |
NO2 |
NO |
2.7 |
1.6 |
N |
~2.75 |
A14 |
Lamp post 1 Clifton Dale - triplicate |
Urban Background |
459335 |
452931 |
NO2 |
NO |
2.7 |
1.6 |
N |
~2.75 |
A14a |
Lamp post 1 Clifton Dale - triplicate |
Urban Background |
459335 |
452931 |
NO2 |
NO |
2.7 |
1.6 |
N |
~2.75 |
A17 |
Sailsbury Road |
Roadside |
458578 |
452472 |
NO2 |
NO |
8.7 |
1.5 |
N |
~2.75 |
A19 |
17 Sailsbury Terrace - triplicate |
Roadside |
458713 |
452414 |
NO2 |
NO |
0.2 |
1.3 |
N |
~2.75 |
A19a |
17 Sailsbury Terrace - triplicate |
Roadside |
458713 |
452414 |
NO2 |
NO |
0.2 |
1.3 |
N |
~2.75 |
A19b |
17 Sailsbury Terrace - triplicate |
Roadside |
458713 |
452414 |
NO2 |
NO |
0.2 |
1.3 |
N |
~2.75 |
A2 |
Drainpipe on front of registry office |
Roadside |
459917 |
452405 |
NO2 |
YES |
0.2 |
3.4 |
N |
~2.75 |
A20 |
224 Sailsbury Terrace - triplicate |
Roadside |
458760 |
452404 |
NO2 |
NO |
0.2 |
1.1 |
N |
~2.75 |
A20a |
224 Sailsbury Terrace - triplicate |
Roadside |
458760 |
452404 |
NO2 |
NO |
0.2 |
1.1 |
N |
~2.75 |
A20b |
224 Sailsbury Terrace - triplicate |
Roadside |
458760 |
452404 |
NO2 |
NO |
0.2 |
1.1 |
N |
~2.75 |
A21 |
Kingsland Terrace |
Urban Background |
458806 |
452326 |
NO2 |
NO |
0.2 |
1.4 |
N |
~2.75 |
A22 |
Kingsland Terrace |
Urban Background |
458792 |
452242 |
NO2 |
NO |
0.2 |
23.8 |
N |
~2.75 |
A25 |
Garfield Terrace |
Roadside |
458706 |
452225 |
NO2 |
NO |
0.2 |
1.5 |
N |
~2.75 |
A29 |
Low Poppleton Lane |
Urban Background |
456939 |
453013 |
NO2 |
NO |
23.6 |
1.1 |
N |
~2.75 |
A3 |
WRVS building -Bootham |
Roadside |
459822 |
452492 |
NO2 |
YES |
0.2 |
2.6 |
N |
~2.75 |
A30 |
Boroughbridge Road |
Urban Background |
457060 |
452888 |
NO2 |
NO |
8.3 |
6.2 |
N |
~2.75 |
A36 |
Boroughbridge Road |
Urban Background |
457625 |
452446 |
NO2 |
NO |
0.2 |
9.4 |
N |
~2.75 |
A38 |
Boroughbridge Road |
Urban Background |
457857 |
452334 |
NO2 |
NO |
0.2 |
10.3 |
N |
~2.75 |
A4 |
St Olaves Road |
Urban Background |
459699 |
452638 |
NO2 |
YES |
5.8 |
0.7 |
N |
~2.75 |
A40 |
Poppleton Road School |
Urban Background |
458109 |
452196 |
NO2 |
NO |
0.2 |
7.9 |
N |
~2.75 |
A41 |
140 Poppleton Road |
Roadside |
458172 |
452108 |
NO2 |
NO |
0.2 |
5.3 |
N |
~2.75 |
A45 |
Grantham Drive |
Urban Background |
458384 |
451817 |
NO2 |
NO |
0.2 |
10.5 |
N |
~2.75 |
A98 |
8 Poppleton Road |
Roadside |
458666 |
451468 |
NO2 |
NO |
0.2 |
4.9 |
N |
~2.75 |
A50 |
Outside Fox pub -Holgate Rd |
Roadside |
458732 |
451393 |
NO2 |
YES |
16.1 |
0.3 |
N |
~2.75 |
A51 |
Thrall entrance |
Urban Background |
458827 |
451348 |
NO2 |
YES |
18 |
2.2 |
N |
~2.75 |
A52 |
Holgate Road (corner of Hamilton Dr East) |
Roadside |
458945 |
451254 |
NO2 |
YES |
10.9 |
2 |
N |
~2.75 |
A53 |
Holgate Road |
Roadside |
459066 |
451239 |
NO2 |
YES |
7.9 |
2.7 |
N |
~2.75 |
A54 |
Dalton Terrace |
Roadside |
459254 |
451223 |
NO2 |
YES |
17.1 |
3.3 |
N |
~2.75 |
A55 |
Holgate Road |
Roadside |
459351 |
451221 |
NO2 |
YES |
5.5 |
0.2 |
N |
~2.75 |
A56 |
Holgate Road |
Urban Background |
459470 |
451268 |
NO2 |
YES |
0.2 |
10.2 |
N |
~2.75 |
A57 |
Hairdressers Holgate Road |
Roadside |
459533 |
451280 |
NO2 |
YES |
0.2 |
2.8 |
N |
~2.75 |
A6 |
Clifton Bingo Hall |
Roadside |
459536 |
452811 |
NO2 |
YES |
6.2 |
3 |
N |
~2.75 |
A60 |
Shipton Road |
Urban Background |
458906 |
453276 |
NO2 |
NO |
0.2 |
21.5 |
N |
~2.75 |
A62 |
42 Shipton Road |
Urban Background |
458806 |
453483 |
NO2 |
NO |
0.2 |
15.7 |
N |
~2.75 |
A64 |
Lamp post outside Charlie Browns |
Roadside |
460030 |
452327 |
NO2 |
YES |
2.4 |
0.6 |
N |
~2.75 |
A66 |
70 Shipton Road |
Urban Background |
458672 |
453685 |
NO2 |
NO |
0.2 |
18.4 |
N |
~2.75 |
A69 |
6 South Cottages |
Urban Background |
458375 |
453958 |
NO2 |
NO |
0.2 |
10 |
N |
~2.75 |
A7 |
51 Clifton |
Roadside |
459441 |
452892 |
NO2 |
YES |
3.3 |
2.1 |
N |
~2.75 |
A70 |
120 Shipton Road |
Urban Background |
458299 |
454070 |
NO2 |
NO |
0.2 |
13 |
N |
~2.75 |
A71 |
154 Shipton road |
Urban Background |
458121 |
454254 |
NO2 |
NO |
0.2 |
9.6 |
N |
~2.75 |
A74 |
176 Shipton Road |
Urban Background |
458041 |
454371 |
NO2 |
NO |
0.2 |
7.1 |
N |
~2.75 |
A77 |
Lamp post outside 206 Shipton Road |
Urban Background |
457929 |
454537 |
NO2 |
NO |
6.1 |
1.7 |
N |
~2.75 |
A81 |
Lamp post outside 276 Shipton Rd |
Urban Background |
457733 |
454805 |
NO2 |
NO |
0.2 |
8.4 |
N |
~2.75 |
A85 |
Drainpipe front of Greenside guest house |
Urban Background |
459364 |
453009 |
NO2 |
NO |
0.2 |
11.5 |
N |
~2.75 |
A88 |
111 Boroughbridge Road, Drainpipe nearest Garage at side of the door |
Urban Background |
457470 |
452550 |
NO2 |
NO |
0.2 |
12.9 |
N |
~2.75 |
A9 |
Lime Tree House |
Roadside |
459295 |
453067 |
NO2 |
YES |
12.6 |
1.7 |
N |
~2.75 |
A90 |
Lamp post 25 Shipton Rd |
Roadside |
459238 |
453157 |
NO2 |
YES |
8.2 |
1.9 |
N |
~2.75 |
A94 |
5 Salisbury Road |
Roadside |
458651 |
452426 |
NO2 |
NO |
0.2 |
13.7 |
N |
~2.75 |